General Overview
Brazil has considerable geological potential. Historically, the country was a large producer of diamonds in the seventeenth century and of gold in the eighteenth century. At present, the country produces more than 80 mineral substances, being an important global player in some of those commodities. According to the United States Geological Service (USGS), in 2019, Brazil was the largest world producer of niobium (88% of the world production), the second largest producer of iron ore (19.2%), the third largest producer of graphite (8.7%), and the fourth largest producer of bauxite (7.8%) (data collected from U.S. Geological Survey 2020).
Furthermore, the country has significant reserves of niobium (84.6% of the world reserves), graphite (24%), rare earths (18.3%), nickel (12.4%), tin (14.9%), iron ore (17.1%), and manganese (17.3%), based on the statistics of the USGS. The total mineral production in 2019 was valued in approximately US$ 38 billion, and it is estimated...
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References
Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – IBGE. https://www.ibge.gov.br/apps/populacao/projecao/; https://www.ibge.gov.br/explica/pib.php
Instituto Brasileiro de Mineração – IBRAM, Economia Mineral, fev. 2020; and Instituto Brasileiro de Mineração – IBRAM, Comércio Externo 2019. Both available at http://www.ibram.org.br/
U.S. Geological Survey (2020) Mineral commodity summaries 2020. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, pp 1–200. https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2020
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2020) The World Investment Report 2020: international production beyond the pandemic, p 12. https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2020_en.pdf
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Trindade, A.D.C. (2020). Brazil: Mineral Policy. In: Tiess, G., Majumder, T., Cameron, P. (eds) Encyclopedia of Mineral and Energy Policy. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40871-7_145-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40871-7_145-3
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Brazil: Mineral Policy- Published:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40871-7_145-3
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Brazil: Mineral Policy
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40871-7_145-2
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Brazil: Mineral Policy- Published:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40871-7_145-1