Abstract
Exit and voice are alternative responses to an unsatisfactory relationship: exit is the withdrawal from it, voice is the attempt to improve it through communication. They are not mutually exclusive responses: thus, the market is the archetypal exit mechanism, yet it usually involves voice. When available jointly, exit and voice may reinforce or undercut each other: the exit option enhances the influence of customers’ voice on an unsatisfactory supplier but also reduces its volume. Exit–voice analysis has been applied to trade unions, hierarchies, public services, migration and political action, political party systems, marriage and divorce, and adolescent development.
This chapter was originally published in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd edition, 2008. Edited by Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume
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Hirschman, A.O. (2008). Exit and Voice. In: The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_621-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_621-2
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Exit and Voice- Published:
- 15 March 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_621-2
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Exit and Voice- Published:
- 23 November 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_621-1