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Purkinje Cell Migration and Differentiation

  • Reference work entry
Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders

Abstract

The Purkinje cell is the pivotal element of the cerebellar network, which integrates distinct extracerebellar inputs and generates the ultimate cortical output to be conveyed to the deep cerebellar nuclei. During development, the adult Purkinje cell phenotype is acquired through a complex sequence of ontogenetic processes, including migration from the ventricular neuroepithelium to the cortex, formation of the Purkinje cell plate and progressive arrangement into the final monolayer, axonal growth and expansion of the dendritic tree. Most of the distinctive features of Purkinje cells can be achieved even in dissociated cultures, suggesting that the acquisition of adult traits is regulated by the unfolding of a cell-autonomous program. On the other hand, the maturing Purkinje cells play a fundamental role in orchestrating the development of the entire cerebellum. Namely, Purkinje cells are required for the genesis or the survival of different populations of cerebellar and extracerebellar neurons. They contribute to regulate the morphogenic processes leading to construct the cortical layering and network. They provide positional information to extracerebellar afferent systems, so to direct the topographic arrangement of projection maps. These phenomena and the underlying mechanisms are described and discussed in the chapter, proposing that development of Purkinje cells is not just the acquisition of a mature neuronal phenotype, but represents an essential organizational event of the whole cerebellar ontogenesis.

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Acknowledgments

The scientific work of Ferdinando Rossi is supported by grants from Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (MIUR-PRIN 2007 prog. nr. 2007F7AJYJ), Compagnia di San Paolo (Neurotransplant Project 2008; GABAGEN Neuroscience project 2009), Regione Piemonte (Project A14/05; Ricerca Sanitaria Finalizzata, 2008, 2009), Ataxia UK, Fondazione Cavaliere del Lavoro Mario Magnetto of Turin. The work of Constantino Sotelo is supported by MINISTERIO CIENCIA E INNOVACION (grants: MICINN BFU-2008-00588 and CSD2007-00023).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurociences Institute, Miguel Hernandez University and CSIC, Campus de San Juan, Apdo. de correos 18, E-03550, Alicante, Sant Joand’Alacant, Spain

    Dr. Constantino Sotelo (Remedios Caro Almela, Chair of Developmental Neurobiology)

  2. INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France

    Dr. Constantino Sotelo (Remedios Caro Almela, Chair of Developmental Neurobiology)

  3. UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, F-75012, France

    Dr. Constantino Sotelo (Remedios Caro Almela, Chair of Developmental Neurobiology)

  4. CNRS, UMR_7210, Paris, F-75012, France

    Dr. Constantino Sotelo (Remedios Caro Almela, Chair of Developmental Neurobiology)

  5. Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy

    Dr. Ferdinando Rossi

  6. Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy

    Dr. Ferdinando Rossi

Authors
  1. Dr. Constantino Sotelo
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  2. Dr. Ferdinando Rossi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ferdinando Rossi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Unité d'Etude du Mouvement (UEM), FNRS, Neurologie ULB Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium

    Mario Manto

  2. Ataxia Unit, Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Jeremy D. Schmahmann

  3. Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy

    Ferdinando Rossi

  4. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department (MIND), The Scripps Research Institute, California, CA, USA

    Donna L. Gruol

  5. Department of Integrative Physiolgy, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan

    Noriyuki Koibuchi

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Sotelo, C., Rossi, F. (2013). Purkinje Cell Migration and Differentiation. In: Manto, M., Schmahmann, J.D., Rossi, F., Gruol, D.L., Koibuchi, N. (eds) Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1333-8_9

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