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Purkinje Neurons: Synaptic Plasticy

  • Reference work entry
Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders

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Abstract

After three decades of research, it is now well established that molecular mechanisms underlying cerebellar motor learning lead to activity-dependent changes in synaptic strength, such as long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP) at cerebellar parallel fiber (PF)-Purkinje cell (PC) glutamatergic synapses. This review focuses on mechanisms of these long-term changes in synaptic efficacy, even though short-term forms of synaptic plasticity also exist at these synapses and may also contribute to neural processing of information within the cerebellum. In light of the newly obtained experimental data from transgenic mice, it will also be discussed as to why these forms of synaptic plasticity are proposed as the cellular basis for error-driven learning and memory in the motor system.

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Abbreviations

5′GMP:

5′ Guanosine monophosphate

AA:

Arachidonic acid

AMPA-R:

AMPA receptor

cGMP:

cyclic Guanosine monophosphate

CPI-17:

17-kDa phosphatase-1 inhibitor protein

DAG:

1,2-diacylglycerol

GLU:

Glutamate

Gq:

G protein

GRIP1/2:

Glutamate receptor interacting protein 1/2

InsP3 :

Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

mGluR1:

Type-1 metabotropic glutamate receptor

NMDA-R:

N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid-receptor (* present at least in adult mice)

nNOS:

neuronal Nitric Oxide-Synthase

NO:

Nitric oxide

PICK-1:

Protein interacting with C-kinase 1

PIP2:

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate

PKC:

Protein kinase C

PKG1:

Protein kinase G 1

PLA2 :

Phospholipase A2

PLCβ:

Phospholipase Cβ

PP-1:

Protein Phosphatase-1

PP-2:

Protein Phosphatase-2

PSD:

Postsynaptic-Density

sGC:

soluble Guanylyl Cyclase

VGCC:

Voltage-Gated-Calcium-Channel

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Biochimie de la synapse, CNRS UMR 8619, Institut de Biochimie et de Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud 12, Bâtiment 430, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France

    Pr. Hervé Daniel & Dr. F. Crepel

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  1. Pr. Hervé Daniel
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  2. Dr. F. Crepel
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Correspondence to Hervé Daniel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Unité d'Etude du Mouvement (UEM), FNRS, Neurologie ULB Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium

    Mario Manto

  2. Ataxia Unit, Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Jeremy D. Schmahmann

  3. Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy

    Ferdinando Rossi

  4. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department (MIND), The Scripps Research Institute, California, CA, USA

    Donna L. Gruol

  5. Department of Integrative Physiolgy, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan

    Noriyuki Koibuchi

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Daniel, H., Crepel, F. (2013). Purkinje Neurons: Synaptic Plasticy. In: Manto, M., Schmahmann, J.D., Rossi, F., Gruol, D.L., Koibuchi, N. (eds) Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1333-8_32

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