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Zones and Stripes: Development of Cerebellar Topography

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Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders

Abstract

Cerebellar architecture is organized around the Purkinje cell. Purkinje cells in the mouse cerebellum come in many different subtypes, organized first into four transverse zones and then further grouped into hundreds of reproducible topographical units – stripes. Stripes are identified by their functional properties, connectivity, and expression profiles. The molecular pattern of stripes is highly reproducible between individuals and conserved through evolution. Pattern formation in the cerebellar cortex is a multistage process that begins with the generation of the Purkinje cells in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the fourth ventricle. During this stage or shortly after, Purkinje cell subtypes are specified toward specific positions. Purkinje cells migrate from the VZ to form an array of clusters that form the framework for cerebellar topography. At around birth these clusters disperse, triggered by a Reelin signaling pathway, to form the adult stripe array.

The chapter will begin with a brief overview of adult cerebellar topography, primarily focusing on the mouse cerebellum, and then discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms that establish these remarkable patterns.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Carol Armstrong for her advice. This study was supported by a grant to RH from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research and by new investigator start-up funds to RVS from Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine 812 Kennedy Center, 1410 Pelham Parkway South, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Roy V. Sillitoe

  2. Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy Genes and Development Research Group, and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada

    Richard Hawkes (Faculty of Medicine)

Authors
  1. Roy V. Sillitoe
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  2. Richard Hawkes
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Correspondence to Richard Hawkes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Unité d'Etude du Mouvement (UEM), FNRS, Neurologie ULB Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium

    Mario Manto

  2. Ataxia Unit, Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Jeremy D. Schmahmann

  3. Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy

    Ferdinando Rossi

  4. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department (MIND), The Scripps Research Institute, California, CA, USA

    Donna L. Gruol

  5. Department of Integrative Physiolgy, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan

    Noriyuki Koibuchi

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Sillitoe, R.V., Hawkes, R. (2013). Zones and Stripes: Development of Cerebellar Topography. In: Manto, M., Schmahmann, J.D., Rossi, F., Gruol, D.L., Koibuchi, N. (eds) Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1333-8_3

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