Skip to main content

Krankenhausküchen: Hygienische Maßnahmen

Praktische Krankenhaushygiene und Umweltschutz

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Medizin ((SRM))

  • 235 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Neben der erhöhten Morbidität und Letalität führen nahrungsmittelassoziierte Infektionen zu erheblichen Kosten im Gesundheitswesen. Es wird geschätzt, dass in den USA jährlich etwa 9,4 Millionen Fälle von lebensmittelassoziierten Erkrankungen (verursacht durch 31 Erreger) registriert werden (Scallan et al. 2011). Von diesen Personen werden etwa 55.961 stationär aufgenommen und etwa 1351 daran sterben. Berücksichtigt man auch die Zahl derer, bei denen der Erreger unbekannt ist, dann liegt die jährliche Zahl der nahrungsmittelassoziierten Infektionen bei 47.780 mit etwa 128.000 stationären Aufnahmen und 3000 Todesfällen. Lebensmittelzubereitende Institutionen spielen in der Epidemiologie von Gastroenteritis eine entscheidende Rolle. Diese konnte in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in einer Untersuchung vom Robert Koch-Institut (Bernard et al. 2014) eindeutig belegt werden. Es ließ sich zeigen, dass mit Noroviren kontaminierte Erdbeeren, die fast ausschließlich von einem Catering-Betrieb an 390 Institutionen geliefert wurden, zur Erkrankung von knapp 11.000 Personen führten.

Ein besonderes Risiko für nahrungsmittelinduzierte Infektionen geht von Krankenhausküchen aus. In seiner Stellungnahme des Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (Koch et al. 2016) wird dieser Umstand erläutert. Darin erläutert das Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung die Gründe, weshalb die hygienischen Anforderungen an Krankenhausküchen über die üblichen Maßnahmen in der Gemeinschaftsverpflegung hinausgehen sollten.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Abgueguen P, Delbos V, Chennebault JM, Fanello S, Brenet O, Alquier P, Granry JC, Pichard E (2003) Nine cases of foodborne botulism type b in france and literature review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 22:749–752

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Asai Y, Kaneko M, Ohtsuka K, Morita Y, Kaneko S, Noda H, Furukawa I, Takatori K, Hara-Kudo Y (2008) Salmonella prevalence in seafood imported into Japan. J Food Prot 71(7):1460–1464

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernard H, Faber M, Wilking H, Haller S, Höhle M, Schielke A, Ducomble T, Siffczyk C, Merbecks SS, Fricke G, Hamouda O, Stark K, Werber D, on behalf of the Outbreak Investigation Team (2014) Large multistate outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis associated with frozen strawberries, Germany, 2012. Euro Surveill 19(8):20719

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buchholz U, Helen B, Werber D, Böhmer MM, Remschmidt C, Wilking H, Deleré Y, Heiden M, Adlhoch C, Dreesman J, Ehlers J, Ethelberg S, Faber M, Frank C, Fricke G, Greiner M, Höhle M, Ivarsson S, Jark U, Kirchner M (2011) German outbreak of Escherichia coli O104:H4 associated with sprouts. N Engl J Med 365:1763–1770

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen TR, Chiou CS, Tsen HY (2004) Use of novel PCR primers specific to the genes of staphylococcal enterotoxin G, H, I for the survey of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food-poisoning cases and food samples in Taiwan. Int J Food Microbiol 92:189–197

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cheesbrough JS, Barkess-Jones L, Brown DW (1997) Possible prolonged environmental survival of small round structured viruses. J Hosp Infect 35(4):325–326

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cote TR, Convery H, Robinson D, Ries A, Barrett T, Frank L, Furlong W, Horan J, Dwyer D (1995) Typhoid fever in the park: epidemiology of an outbreak at a cultural interface. J Community Health 20:447–450

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (2010) HACCP. Gesundheitliche Gefahren durch Lebensmittel identifizieren, bewerten und beherrschen. Projekt Schule + Essen = Note 1, Bonn

    Google Scholar 

  • Erickson MC, Doyle MP (2007) Food as a vehicle for transmission of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. J Food Prot 70:2426–2449

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • FDA (2012) Bad bug book: foodborne pathogenic microorganisms and natural toxins handbook, 2. Aufl. US Food and Drug Administration, S 100–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Fitzgerald M, Thornton L, O’Gorman J, O’Connor L, Garvey P, Boland M, Part AM, Rogalska J, Coughlan H, MacDiarmada J, Heslin J, Canny M, Finnegan P, Moran J, O’Flanagan D, on behalf of the Hepatitis A Outbreak Control Team (2014) Outbreak of hepatitis A infection associated with the consumption of frozen berries, Ireland, 2013 – linked to an international outbreak. Euro Surveill 19(43):pii=20942. http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20942

  • Frank C, Walter J, Muehlen M, Jansen A, van Treeck U, Hauri AM, Zoellner I, Rakha M, Hoehne M, Hamouda O, Schreier E, Stark K (2007) Major outbreak of hepatitis A associated with orange juice among tourists, Egypt, 2004. Emerg Infect Dis 13(1):156–158

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gaulin C, Viger YB, Fillion L (2002) An outbreak of Bacillus cereus implicating a part-time banquet caterer. Can J Public Health 93:353–355

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gent RN, Telford DR, Syed Q (1999) An outbreak of campylobacter food poisoning at a university campus. Commun Dis Public Health 2:39–42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goulet V, King LA, Vaillant V, de Valk H (2013) What is the incubation period for listeriosis? BMC Infect Dis 13:11

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hall AJ, Wikswo ME, Pringle K, Gould LH, Parashar UD (2014) Vital signs: foodborne norovirus outbreaks – United States, 2009–2012. MMWR 63(22):491–495

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Harries M, Monazahian M, Wenzel J, Jilg W, Weber M, Ehlers J, Dreesman J, Mertens E (2014) Foodborne hepatitis A outbreak associated with bakery products in northern Germany, 2012. Euro Surveill 19(50)

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiman KE, Mody RK, Johnson SD, Griffin PM, Gould LH (2015) Escherichia coli O157 outbreaks in the United States, 2003–2012. Emerg Infect Dis 21(8):1293–1301

    Google Scholar 

  • Holeckova B, Holoda E, Fotta M et al (2002) Occurrence of entrotoxigenic Staphylococcal aureus in food. Ann Agric Environ Med 9:172–182

    Google Scholar 

  • van Hutin YJF, Pool V, Cramer EH et al (1999) A multistate, foodborne outbreak of hepatitis A. N Engl J Med 340:595–602

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalluri P, Crowe C, Reller M et al (2003) An outbreak of foodborne botulism associated with food sold at a salvage store in texas. Clin Infect Dis 37:1490–1495

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khakhria R, Woodward D, Johnson WM, Poppe C (1997) Salmonella isolated from humans, animals and other sources in Canada, 1983–92. Epidemiol Infect 119:15–23

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kim HJ, Youb BS, Lee N, Oh SW (2013) Organic acid resistance and toxin gene profiles of B. cereus isolated from red pepper powder. J Food Saf 33:319–326

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kishimoto M, Hioki Y, Okano T, Konuma H, Takamizawa K, Kashio H, Kasuga F (2004) Ribotyping and a study of transmission of Staphylococcus aureus collected from food preparation facilities. J Food Prot 67:1116–1122

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koch J, Dworak R, Prager R, Becker B, Brockmann S, Wicke A, Wichmann-Schauer H, Hof H, Werber D, Stark K (2010) Large listeriosis outbreak linked to cheese made from pasteurized milk, Germany, 2006–2007. Foodborne Pathog Dis 7(12):1581–1584

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koch J, Krause G, Luber P, Rosner B, Stark K, Kühne M, 2011 Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (2016) Stellungnahme Nr. 019/2016 in Abstimmung mit dem RKI

    Google Scholar 

  • Koopmans M, Duizer E (2004) Foodborne viruses: an emerging problem. Int J Food Microbiol 90:23–41

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kovacevic J, Mesak LR, Allen KJ (2012) Occurrence and characterization of Listeria spp. in ready-to-eat retail foods from Vancouver, British Columbia. Food Microbiol 30:372–378

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lund BM, Peck MW (2000) Clostridium botulinum. In: Lund BM, Baird-Parker AC, Gould GW (Hrsg) The microbiological safety and quality of food. Aspen, Gaithersburg, S 1057–1109

    Google Scholar 

  • McLauchlin J, Narayanan GL, Mithani V, O’Neill G (2000) The detection of enterotoxins and toxic schock syndrome toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction. J Food Prot 63:479–488

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MMWR (2002) Outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni infections associated with drinking unpasteurized milk procured through a cow-leasing program, Wisconsin, 2001. MMWR 51:548–549

    Google Scholar 

  • Mughini Gras L, Enserik R, Friesma I, Heck M, van Duynhoven Y, van Pelt W (2014) Risk factors for human Salmonellosis originating from pigs, cattle, broiler chickens and egg laying hens; A combined case–control and source attribution analysis. PLoS One 9(2):e87933

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Noor Uddin GM, Larsen MH, Barco L, Minh Phu T, Dalsgaard A (2015) Clonal occurrence of Salmonella Weltevreden in cultured shrimp in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. PLoS One 10(7):e0134252

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Painter J, Slutsker L (2007) Listeriosis in humans. In: Ryser ET, Marth EH (Hrsg) Listeria, listeriosis, and food safety, 3. Aufl. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, S 85–110

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Parry A, Fearnley E, Denehya E (2012) ‚Surprise‘: Outbreak of Campylobacter infection associated with chicken liver pâté at a surprise birthday party, Adelaide, Australia, 2012. WPSAR 3(4):2012

    Google Scholar 

  • Pertrillo TM, Beck-Sague CM, Songer JG, Abramowsky C, Fortenberry JD, Meacham L, Dean AG, Lee H, Bueschel DM, Nesheim SR (2000) Enteritis necroticans (pigbel) in a diabetic child. N Engl J Med 342:1250–1253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pui CF, Wong WC, Chai LC, Nillian E, Ghazali FM, Cheah YK, Nakaguchi Y, Nishibuchi M, Radu S (2011) Simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp., Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Typhimurium in sliced fruits using multiplex PCR. Food Control 22:337–342

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rangel JM, Sparling PH, Crowe C, Griffin PM, Swerdlow DL (2005) Epidemiology of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Outbreaks, United States, 1982–2002. Emerg Infect Dis 11(4):603–609

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Reyes JE, Bastias JM, Gutierrez MR, Rodriguez ML (2007) Prevalence of B. cereus in dried milk products used by Chilean School Feeding Program. Food Microbiol 24(1):1–6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Richards GP (2001) Enteric virus contamination of foods through industrial practices: a primer on intervention strategies. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 27:117–125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scallan E, Hoekstra RM, Angulo FJ, Tauxe RV, Widdowson MA, Roy SL, Jones JL, Griffin PM (2011) Foodborne illness acquired in the United States – major pathogens. Emerg Infect Dis 17:7–15

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Seitz SR, Leon JS, Schwab KJ, Lyon GM, Dowd M, McDaniels M, Abdulhafid G, Fernandez ML, Lindesmith LC, Baric RS, Moe CL (2011) Norovirus infectivity in humans and persistence in water. Appl Environ Microbiol 77(19):6884–6888

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Tallis G, Ng S, Ferreira C, Tan A, Griffith J (1999) A nursing home outbreak of Clostridium perfringens associated with pureed food. Aust N Z J Public Health 23:421–423

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor EV, Herman KM, Ailes E, Fitzgerald C, Yoder J, Mahon B et al (2013) Common source outbreaks of Campylobacter infection in the USA, 1997–2008. Epidemiol Infect 141:987–996

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Techer C, Baron F, Delbrassinne L, Belaïd R, Brunet N, Gillard A, Gonnet F, Cochet M-F, Grosset N, Gautier M, Andjelkovic M, Lechevalier V, Jan S (2014) Global overview of the risk linked to the Bacillus cereus group in the egg product industry: identification of food safety and food spoilage markers. J Appl Microbiol 116(5):1344–1358

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thimothe J, Walker J, Suvanich V, Gall KL, Moody WM, Wiedemann M (2002) Detection of Listeria in crawfish processing plants and in raw, whole crawfish and processed crawfish (Procambarus spp.). J Food Prot 65:1735–1739

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tuazon CU (2000) Other Bacillus species. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R (Hrsg) Principles and practice of infectious diseases, 5. Aufl. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

    Google Scholar 

  • Valenciano M, Baron S, Fisch A, Grimont F, Desenclos JC (2000) Investigation of concurrent outbreaks of gastroenteritis and typhoid fever following a party on a floating restaurant, France, March 1998. Am J Epidemiol 152:934–939

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wahl E, Rømma S, Granum PE (2013) A Clostridium perfringens outbreak traced to temperature-abused beef stew, Norway, 2012. Euro Surveill 18(9)

    Google Scholar 

  • Westrell T, Dusch V, Ethelberg S, Harris J, Hjertqvist M, Jourdan-da Silva N, Koller A, Lenglet A, Lisby M, Vold L (2010) Norovirus outbreaks linked to oyster consumption in the United Kingdom, Norway, France, Sweden and Denmark, 2010. Euro Surveill 15(12):pii=19524. http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19524

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dennis A. Mlangeni .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Mlangeni, D.A. (2018). Krankenhausküchen: Hygienische Maßnahmen. In: Dettenkofer, M., Frank, U., Just, HM., Lemmen, S., Scherrer, M. (eds) Praktische Krankenhaushygiene und Umweltschutz. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41169-4_39-2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41169-4_39-2

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-41169-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-41169-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Referenz Medizin

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Krankenhausküchen: Hygienische Maßnahmen
    Published:
    25 May 2018

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41169-4_39-2

  2. Original

    Krankenhausküchen: Hygienische Maßnahmen
    Published:
    10 July 2017

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41169-4_39-1