Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Color Vision Testing

  • Living reference work entry
  • Latest version View entry history
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology

  • 48 Accesses

Synonyms

Clinical color vision tests; Color vision screening; Diagnosis of defective color vision

Definition

Color vision testing is the assessment of chromatic discrimination ability and the diagnosis of any perceptual deficiency according to its severity and quality (Protanopia; Deuteranopia; Tritanopia; Genetics of Color Vision). Tests vary in sensitivity, specificity, ease of use, and time required for administration [1,2,3,4]. Many were designed primarily for vocational screening for congenital deficiency, an issue in any occupation where color-coding conveys information (e.g., railways, aviation, electronics) [5]. Testing is also important for assessing and monitoring acquired color abnormality, appearing as a manifestation of visual system pathology resulting from ophthalmological diseases (e.g., glaucoma, ocular hypertension) [6], systemic or neurological diseases (e.g., diabetes [6], Parkinson’s), or the effects of medications or exposure to environmental/occupational toxins (

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Pokorny, J., Smith, V.C., Verriest, G., Pinckers, A.J.L.G. (eds.): Congenital and Acquired Color Vision Defects. Grune and Stratton, New York (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Birch, J.: Diagnosis of Defective Colour Vision. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Dain, S.: Clinical colour vision tests. Clin. Exp. Optom. 87, 276–293 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Cole, B.L.: Assessment of inherited colour vision defects in clinical practice. Clin. Exp. Optom. 90, 157–175 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Barbur, J.L., Rodríguez-Carmona, M.: Colour vision requirements in visually demanding occupations. Br. Med. Bull. 122, 51–77 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Huchzermeyer, C., Kremers, J., Barbur, J.: Color vision in clinical practice. In: Kremers, J., Baraas, R.C., Marshall, N.J. (eds.) Human Color Vision, Ch. 10, pp. 269–315. Springer, Cham (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Jägle, H., Zrenner, E., Krastel, H., Hart, W.: Dyschromatopsias associated with neuro-ophthalmic disease. In: Schiefer, U., Wilhelm, H., Hart, W. (eds.) Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology. A Practical Guide, Ch. 6, pp. 71–85. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Birch, J.: Identification of red-green colour deficiency: sensitivity of the Ishihara and American Optical Company (Hard, Rand and Rittler) pseudo-isochromatic plates to identify slight anomalous trichromatism. Ophthal. Physiol. Opt. 30, 667–671 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Foote, K.G., Neitz, M., Neitz, J.: Comparison of the Richmond HRR 4th edition and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Test for quantitative assessment of tritan color deficiencies. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 31, A186–A188 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. Farnsworth, D.: Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue and dichotomous tests for color vision. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 33, 568–578 (1943)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Jameson, K.A.: Human potential for tetrachromacy. Glimpse J.: Art + Sci. Seeing. 2(3), 82–91 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Cranwell, M.B., Pearce, B., Loveridge, C., Hurlbert, A.: Performance on the Farnsworth-Munsell-100 Hue test is significantly related to non-verbal IQ. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 56, 3171–3178 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lanthony, P.: The Desaturated Panel D-15. Doc. Ophthalmol. 46, 185–189 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Moreland, J.D.: Moreland match revisited. Vis. Neurosci. 21, 471–476 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Mollon, J.D., Regan, B.C.: Cambridge Colour Test. Handbook. Cambridge Research Systems Ltd (2000). http://www.crsltd.com/tools-for-vision-science/measuring-visual-functions/cambridge-colour-test/

  16. Paramei, G.V., Oakley, B.: Variation of color discrimination across the life span. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 31, A375–A384 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Barbur, J.L., Rodríguez-Carmona, M.: Color vision changes in normal aging. In: Elliot, A.J., Fairchild, M.D., Franklin, A. (eds.) Handbook of Color Psychology, Ch. 8, pp. 180–196. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2015)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Barbur, J.L., Rodríguez-Carmona, M.: Variability in normal and defective colour vision: consequences for occupational environments. In: Best, J. (ed.) Colour Design: Theories and Application, Ch. 2, pp. 24–82. Woodhead Publishing Ltd, Cambridge (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Barboni, M.T.S., Hauzman, E., Nagy, B.V., Martins, C.M.G., Aher, A.J., Tsai, T.I., Bonci, D.M.O., Ventura, D.F., Kremers, J.: Electrodiagnosis of dichromacy. Vis. Res. 158, 135–145 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Aher, A.J., Martins, C.M.G., Barboni, M.T.S., Nagy, B.V., Hauzman, E., Bonci, D.M.O., Ventura, D.F., Kremers, J.: Electroretinographical determination of human color vision type. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 35, B92–B99 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, UK

    Galina V. Paramei

  2. School of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

    David L. Bimler

Authors
  1. Galina V. Paramei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. David L. Bimler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Galina V. Paramei .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Color Science & Imaging Lab, North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC, USA

    Renzo Shamey

Section Editor information

  1. Color research & application, Pennsville, NJ, USA

    Rolf Kuehni

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media LLC

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Paramei, G.V., Bimler, D.L. (2019). Color Vision Testing. In: Shamey, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_374-2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_374-2

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-27851-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27851-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Physics and AstronomyReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Color Vision Testing
    Published:
    11 September 2019

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_374-2

  2. Original

    Color Vision Testing
    Published:
    06 August 2015

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_374-1

Search

Navigation