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Anti-Parkinson Activity

  • Reference work entry
Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays

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Abstract

A fundamental lesion in Parkinson’s disease is a marked deficiency in the dopaminergic innervation of the basal ganglia owing to degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra. Enhancement of dopaminergic transmission restores motor function at least partially. The decrease in dopaminergic activity in the basal ganglia results in a relative excess of cholinergic influence. Therefore, dopaminergic agonists, such as levodopa, a precursor of dopamine, and cholinergic (muscarinic) antagonists can be combined in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson-like syndromes also occur after depletion of central stores by reserpine and after treatment with phenothiazines and other antipsychotic drugs blocking dopamine receptors (Vernier 1964; Marsden et al. 1975; Duvoisin 1976; Hornykiewicz 1975; Miller and Hiley 1975). The pathology of Parkinson’s disease is typified by the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions (Lewy bodies). The formation of these proteinaceous inclusions involves the interaction of several proteins, including α-synuclein, synphilin, parkin, and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolases (Goldberg and Lansbury 2000; Shimohama et al. 2003; Le and Appel 2004; Meredith et al. 2004; Snyder and Wolozin 2004; von Bohlen und Halbach et al. 2004). Orr et al. (2002) gave a review on inflammatory aspects of Parkinson’s disease and highlighted the cell-to-cell interactions and immune regulations critical for neuronal homeostasis and survival. Parkinson’s disease and related synucleinopathies are considered as a new class of nervous system amyloidoses (Trojanowski and Lee 2002; Dev et al. 2004; Liu et al. 2005).

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  1. Kallman Preclinical Consulting, 1569 E. 300 North, Greenfield, IN, 46140, USA

    Mary Jeanne Kallman

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  1. Mary Jeanne Kallman
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Correspondence to Mary Jeanne Kallman .

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  1. CorDynamics, Dieburg, Germany

    Franz J. Hock

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Kallman, M.J. (2016). Anti-Parkinson Activity. In: Hock, F. (eds) Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05392-9_32

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