Definition
The coxibs are COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the major drugs of this class being celecoxib and etoricoxib. Two selective agents, rofecoxib and lumiracoxib, were marketed but have been withdrawn. Parecoxib is a prodrug of the selective COX-2 inhibitor, valdecoxib, but as an orally active drug for multiple dosage, valdecoxib has been removed from the market. Many selective COX-2 inhibitors have been synthesized and tested in vitro and in experimental animals, but this review is limited to the selective agents which are marketed. Nimesulide is a selective agent while meloxicam has selective activity at low doses. They are discussed in other reviews in this encyclopedia.
Chemical Structures and Properties
Celecoxib and etoricoxib have small molecular masses (Fig. 1). Both are predominately unionized compounds at physiological pH values. Celecoxib is a very weak acid...
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Graham, G.G., Day, R.O. (2015). Coxibs. In: Parnham, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Inflammatory Diseases. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0620-6_22-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0620-6_22-1
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