Abstract
This chapter discusses neural stimulator circuits, focusing on the power consumed in such circuits. The basis of neural communication, the action potential, involves the movement of ions across the nerve membrane, and externally applied electrical currents create electric fields that can modulate that ion movement to induce action potentials. These currents are generally applied by a pulsed current source circuit, but these circuits waste a large amount of electrical power. An architecture is put forth here that uses a series of stepped voltage sources to drive charge onto an electrode in a manner similar to that used in adiabatic digital circuits. A sample system is described that creates five voltage supplies on capacitors from a single secondary telemetry coil voltage. Test results from this system show a power reduction of 53 % compared to a current source using the same chip voltage supplies and a power reduction of 66 % compared to a current source using the lowest reported voltage supplies for the same type of electrode.
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Kelly, S.K. (2015). Adiabatic Electrode Stimulator. In: Sawan, M. (eds) Handbook of Biochips. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6623-9_19-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6623-9_19-1
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