Skip to main content

Detection and Identification of the Four Malaria Parasite Species Infecting Humans by PCR Amplification

  • Protocol
Species Diagnostics Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 50))

Abstract

The detection and identification of the four Plasmodium species that infect humans in samples obtained from the human or the insect hosts, are central for all the studies aimed at understanding the biology, immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of the malaria parasite. Knowledge of these areas underpins the instigation and implementation of measures aimed at controlling a disease that has afflicted, and continues to afflict a major portion of humanity with far-reaching social and economic consequences.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Spielman, A., Perrone, J. B., Teklehaimanot, A., Balcha, F., Wardlaw, S. C., and Levine, R. A. (1988) Malaria diagnosis by direct observation of centrifuged samples of blood. Am. J Trop Med. Hyg 39, 337–342.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kawamoto, F. (1991) Rapid diagnosis of malaria by fluorescence microscopy. Lancet 337, 624, 625.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Beier, J. C., Perkins, P. V., Wirtz, R. A., Whitmire, R. E., Mugambi, M., and Hockmeyer, W. T. (1987) Field evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite detection in anopheline mosquitoes from Kenya. Am. J Trop Med. Hyg 36, 459–468.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Taylor, D. W. and Voller, A. (1993) The development and validation of a simple antigen detection ELISA for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Trans R Sot Trop Med. Hyg 87, 29–31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Shiff, C. J., Premji, Z., and Minjas, J. N. (1993) The raped manual ParaSight®-F test A new diagnostic tool for Plasmodium falciparum infection Trans R Soc Trap Med. Hyg 87, 646–648.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Barker, R. H. J. (1990) DNA probe diagnosis of parasitic infections. Exp Parasitol 70, 494–499.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Saiki, R. K., Gelfand, D. H., Stoffel, S., Sharf, S. J., Higuchi, R., Horn, G. T., Mullis, K. B., and Erlich, H. A. (1988) Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science 239, 487–491.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Tirasophon, W., Ponglikitmongkol, M., Wilairat, P., Boonsaeng, V., and Panyim, S. (1991) A novel detection of a single Plasmodium falciparum in infected blood Biochem Biophys Res Commun 175, 179–184.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Barker, R. H. J., Banchongaksorn, T., Courval, J. M., Suwonkerd, W., Rimwungtragoon, K., and Wirth, D. F. (1992) A sample method to detect Plasmodium falciparum directly from blood samples using the polymerase chain reaction. Am J Trap. Med. Hyg 46, 416–426.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Brown, A. E., Kain, K. C, Pipithkul, J., and Webster, H. K. (1992) Demonstration by the polymerase chain reaction of mixed Plasmodium falciparum and P vivax infections undetected by conventional microscopy. Trans R Soc Trap. Med. Hyg 86, 609–612.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Snounou, G., Viriyakosol, S., Jarra, W., Thaithong, S., and Brown, K. N. (1993) Identification of the four human malaria species in field samples by the polymerase chain reaction and detection of a high prevalence of mixed infections. Mol Biochem Parasitol 58, 283–292.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Snounou, G., Viriyakosol, S., Zhu, X. P., Jarra, W., Pinheiro, L., Rosario, V. E. d., Thaithong, S., and Brown, K. N. (1993) High sensitivity of detection of human malaria parasites by the use of nested polymerase chain reaction. Mol Biochem Parasitol 61, 315–320.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. McCutchan, T. F., Cruz, V. F. D. L., Lal, A., Gunderson, J. H., Elwood, H. J., and Sogin, M. L. (1988) Primary sequence of two small ribosomal RNA genes from Plasmodium falciparum. Mol. Biochem Parasitol 28, 63–68.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Waters, A. P. and McCutchan, T. F. (1989) Rapid, sensitive diagnosis of malaria based on ribosomal RNA. Lancet i, 1343–1346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Waters, A. P. and McCutchan, T. F. (1989) Partial sequence of the asexually expressed SU rRNA gene of Plasmodium vivax. Nucleic Acids Res 17, 2135

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Goman, M., Mons, B, and Scaife, J. (1991) The complete sequence of a Plasmodium malariae SSU rRNA gene and its comparison to other plasmodial SSU rRNA genes MOl Biochem Parasitol 45, 281–288.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Kain, K. C. and Lanar, D. E. (1991) Determination of genetic variation within Plasmodium falciparum by enzymatically amplified DNA from filter paper disks impregnated with whole blood. J. Clin Microbiol 29, 1171–1174.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Snounou, G., Pinheiro, L., Gonçalves, A., Fonseca, L., Dias, F., Brown, K. N., and Rosario, V. E. d. (1993) The importance of sensitive detection of malaria parasites in the human and mosquito hosts in epidemiological studies, as shown by the analysis of field samples from Guinea Bissau. Trans. R. Soc Trop Med Hyg 87, 64–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ranford-Cartwright, L. C., Balfe, P., Carter, R., and Walliker, D. (1991) Genetic hybrids of Plasmodium falciparum identified by amplification of genomic DNA from single oocysts. Mol. Biochem Parasitol. 49, 239–244.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Foley, M., Ranford-Cartwright, L. C., and Babiker, H. A. (1992) Rapid and simple method for isolating malaria DNA from finger prick samples of blood. Mol. Biochem Parasitol. 53, 241–244.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Wilson, S. M. (1994) Detection of malaria parasites by PCR. Trans R Soc Trop. Med. Hyg. 88, 363.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Snounou, G., Brown, K. N., and Rosario, V. E. d. (1994) Detection of malaria parasites by PCR. a reply. Trans. R. Soc Trop Med Hyg. 88, 363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Black, J., Hommel, M., Snounou, G., and Pinder, M. (1994) Mixed infections with Plasmodium falciparum and P malariae and fever in malaria Lancet 343, 1095.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Snounou, G. (1996). Detection and Identification of the Four Malaria Parasite Species Infecting Humans by PCR Amplification. In: Clapp, J.P. (eds) Species Diagnostics Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 50. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-323-6:263

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-323-6:263

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-323-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-537-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics