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Potential Zoonotic Infection of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus in Xenotransplantation

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Xenotransplantation

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 885))

Abstract

Porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) is considered the major biosafety issue in xenotransplantation. Several techniques have been employed for the analysis of the PERV status in the animal donor and for the assessment of PERV transmission/infection in the xenograft recipient. In this chapter, methods to assess the expression of PERV and the potential for PERV transmission from a donor animal are described in addition to the identification of relevant loci within the porcine genome.

PERV detection can be carried out using several techniques of which quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and RT-PCR are the most sensitive. However, other procedures can be employed such as detection of reverse transcriptase activity (i.e. viral replication) in the sample or immunostaining of the infected cells using an anti-PERV antibody. The PERV transmission assay has been described to identify the transmission phenotype of the pig donor, and subsequent risk from a donor. This assay can, therefore, direct the selection of the most suitable animal. Finally, it is important to determine the presence of critical PERV loci involved in transmission in the pig genome and compare between different animals. One of the methods for the analysis of these PERV integration sites is described.

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Acknowledgments

The authors’ PERV research has been funded by the European Sixth Framework Programme (Life Science, Genomics and Biotechnology for Health) funded project LSHB-CT-2006-037377.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infection and Immunity, Wohl Virion Centre, University College London, London, UK

    Giada Mattiuzzo & Yasuhiro Takeuchi

  2. Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK

    Linda Scobie

Authors
  1. Giada Mattiuzzo
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  2. Yasuhiro Takeuchi
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  3. Linda Scobie
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yasuhiro Takeuchi or Linda Scobie .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de, Gran Via de L’Hospitalet 199, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain

    Cristina Costa

  2. Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain

    Rafael Máñez

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Mattiuzzo, G., Takeuchi, Y., Scobie, L. (2012). Potential Zoonotic Infection of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus in Xenotransplantation. In: Costa, C., Máñez, R. (eds) Xenotransplantation. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 885. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-845-0_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-845-0_17

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-844-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-845-0

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