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Pharmacogenomics Applications in Drug Metabolism

From Genotyping to Drug Label-Challenges?

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Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine

Part of the book series: Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology ((MIPT))

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Abstract

There is increasing recognition that pharmacogenetic polymorphisms affecting drug metabolism are valid biomarkers affecting drug safety and efficacy. This is shown by the inclusion of information about genetic polymorphisms affecting drug metabolism on drug labels with, in some cases, a recommendation that testing for the polymorphism should be performed before prescription. However, in most cases, this information is for information only. It is likely that this is in part because testing for the relevant polymorphisms is unlikely to be available to patients being prescribed the drug, but also because clear advice about issues such as dose adjustment is not available, mainly since appropriate clinical trials have not yet been performed. Metabolic polymorphisms mentioned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as valid biomarkers include those in thiopurine methyltransferase, the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1, the cytochromes P450 CYP2D6, CYP2C19, and CYP2C9, the N-acetyltransferase NAT2, and dihy-dropyrimidine dehydrogenase. Each of the above polymorphisms is considered here in detail, with particular reference to current knowledge and to their relevance to the drugs considered to be related to the individual polymorphisms.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle, UK

    Ann K. Daly PhD

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  1. Ann K. Daly PhD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Raritan, NJ, USA

    Nadine Cohen

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© 2008 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Daly, A.K. (2008). Pharmacogenomics Applications in Drug Metabolism. In: Cohen, N. (eds) Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine. Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-439-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-439-1_6

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-934115-04-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-439-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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