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What Will Be the Benefits of Biotech Wheat for European Agriculture?

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Wheat Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1679))

Abstract

In European countries, wheat occupies the largest crop area with high yielding production. France, a major producer and exporter in Europe, ranks the fifth producer worldwide. Biotic stresses are European farmers’ major challenges (fungal and viral diseases, and insect pests) followed by abiotic ones such as drought and grain protein composition. During the last 40 years, 1136 scientific articles on biotech wheat were published by USA followed by China, Australia, Canada, and European Union with the UK. European research focuses on pests and diseases resistances using widely marker-assisted selection (MAS). Transgenesis is used in basic research to develop resistance against some fungi (Fusarium head blight) while RNA interference (RNAi) silencing is used against some fungi and virus. Transgenic plants were also transformed with genes from various species for drought tolerance. The UK (mostly with transgenesis and site-specific nucleases) and France (with no transgenic tools but with MAS and site-specific nucleases) are the main countries carrying out research programs for both biotic stress and drought tolerance. Thus, few European countries used transgenesis for gluten protein composition and RNAi-mediated silencing in celiac disease. Because of vandalism field trials of transgenics dropped since 2000. No transgenic wheat is cultivated in Europe for political reasons.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Evolutionary Genetics and Plant Breeding, AgroParisTech, 16, rue Claude-Bernard. F-75231, Paris, Cedex 05, France

    Agnès E. Ricroch

  2. Durability, Innovation, Resources and Ethics, University Paris-Sud, Paris, France

    Agnès E. Ricroch

  3. College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Université Paris-Saclay, 54, Boulevard Desgranges. F-92330 Sceaux, Paris, France

    Agnès E. Ricroch

Authors
  1. Agnès E. Ricroch
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Correspondence to Agnès E. Ricroch .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

    Prem L. Bhalla

  2. Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

    Mohan B. Singh

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Ricroch, A.E. (2017). What Will Be the Benefits of Biotech Wheat for European Agriculture?. In: Bhalla, P., Singh, M. (eds) Wheat Biotechnology. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1679. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7337-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7337-8_2

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7335-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7337-8

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