Abstract
Photorespiration is an essential pathway in photosynthetic organisms and is particularly important to detoxify and recycle 2-phosphoglycolate (2-PG), a by-product of oxygenic photosynthesis. The enzymes that catalyze the reactions in the photorespiratory core cycle and closely associated pathways have been identified; however, open questions remain concerning the metabolic network in which photorespiration is embedded. The amino acid serine represents one of the major intermediates in the photorespiratory pathway and photorespiration is thought to be the major source of serine in plants. The restriction of photorespiration to autotrophic cells raises questions concerning the source of serine in heterotrophic tissues. Recently, the phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis has been found to be extremely important for plant development and metabolism. In this protocol, we describe a detailed methodological workflow to analyze the generative and vegetative phenotypes of plants deficient in the phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis, which together allow a better understanding of its function in plants.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bauwe H, Hagemann M, Fernie AR (2010) Photorespiration: players, partners and origin. Trends Plant Sci 6:330–336
Hodges M, Dellero Y, Keech O, Betti M, Raghavendra AS, Sage R, Zhu XG, Allen DK, Weber AP (2016) Perspectives for a better understanding of the metabolic integration of photorespiration within a complex plant primary metabolism network. J Exp Bot 10:3015–3026
Somerville CR (2001) An early Arabidopsis demonstration. Resolving a few issues concerning photorespiration. Plant Physiol 1:20–24
Timm S, Bauwe H (2013) The variety of photorespiratory phenotypes – employing the current status for future research directions on photorespiration. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 4:737–747
Queval G, Issakidis-Bourguet E, Hoeberichts FA, Vandorpe M, Gakière B, Vanacker H, Miginiac-Maslow M, Van Breusegem F, Noctor G (2007) Conditional oxidative stress responses in the Arabidopsis photorespiratory mutant cat2 demonstrate that redox state is a key modulator of daylength-dependent gene expression, and define photoperiod as a crucial factor in the regulation of H2O2-induced cell death. Plant J 4:640–657
Somerville CR, Ogren WL (1980) Inhibition of photosynthesis in Arabidopsis mutants lacking leaf glutamate synthase activity. Nature 286:257–259
Ewald R, Kolukisaoglu U, Bauwe U, Mikkat S, Bauwe H (2007) Mitochondrial protein lipoylation does not exclusively depend on the mtKAS pathway of de novo fatty acid synthesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 1:41–48
Collakova E, Goyer A, Naponelli V, Krassovskaya I, Gregory JF 3rd, Hanson AD, Shachar-Hill Y (2008) Arabidopsis 10-formyl tetrahydrofolate deformylases are essential for photorespiration. Plant Cell 7:1818–1832
Ros R, Muñoz-Bertomeu J, Krueger S (2014) Serine in plants: biosynthesis, metabolism, and functions. Trends Plant Sci 9:564–569
Ho CL, Saito K (2001) Molecular biology of the plastidic phosphorylated serine biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. Amino Acids 3:243–259
Benstein RM, Ludewig K, Wulfert S, Wittek S, Gigolashvili T, Frerigmann H, Gierth M, Flügge UI, Krueger S (2013) Arabidopsis phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase1 of the phosphoserine pathway is essential for development and required for ammonium assimilation and tryptophan biosynthesis. Plant Cell 12:5011–5029
Cascales-Miñana B, Muñoz-Bertomeu J, Flores-Tornero M, Anoman AD, Pertusa J, Alaiz M, Osorio S, Fernie AR, Segura J, Ros R (2013) The phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis is essential both for male gametophyte and embryo development and for root growth in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 6:2084–2101
Toujani W, Muñoz-Bertomeu J, Flores-Tornero M, Rosa-Téllez S, Anoman AD, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Ros R (2013) Functional characterization of the plastidial 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase family in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 3:1164–1178
Matsuhara S, Jingu F, Takahashi T, Komeda Y (2000) Heat-shock tagging: a simple method for expression and isolation of plant genome DNA flanked by T-DNA insertions. Plant J 1:79–86
Smyth DR, Bowman JL, Meyerowitz EM (1990) Early flower development in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 8:755–767
Acknowledgement
We would like to thank Prof. Ulf-Ingo Flügge for constant support, critical comments, and fruitful discussions. We would also acknowledge the University of Cologne, the Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grant Kr4245/1-1; Kr4245/2-1), the Spanish Government and the European Union (FEDER/BFU2012-31519, BFU2015-64204R; MINECO/FEDER), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO II/2014/052), and the University of Valencia (Atracció de Talent” fellowship to M.F.-T.) for their financial support. We thank Servei Central de Support a la Investigació Experimental (SCSIE) and Unitat Central de Investigació en Medicina (UCIM) of the Universitat de València for technical assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Krueger, S., Benstein, R.M., Wulfert, S., Anoman, A.D., Flores-Tornero, M., Ros, R. (2017). Studying the Function of the Phosphorylated Pathway of Serine Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana . In: Fernie, A., Bauwe, H., Weber, A. (eds) Photorespiration. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1653. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7225-8_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7225-8_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7224-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7225-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols