Abstract
Eukaryotic organelles or subcellular compartments can be selectively isolated based on their physical density and their stability in the presence of nonionic detergents. This chapter describes a protocol for the preparation of cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and chromatin, in addition to isolation of RNA and proteins from these fractions. Proteins and protein complexes stably associated with chromatin and other high molecular weight nuclear components can be extracted under non-denaturing conditions by enzymatic digestion of RNA and DNA. The chapter also includes a detailed extraction protocol from highly purified nuclei.
References
Xu L, Massagué J (2004) Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of signal transducers. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 5:209–219
Blee TKP, Gray NK, Brook M (2015) Modulation of the cytoplasmic functions of mammalian post-transcriptional regulatory proteins by methylation and acetylation: a key layer of regulation waiting to be uncovered? Biochem Soc Trans 43:1285–1295
Jeffries CD, Fried HM, Perkins DO (2011) Nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of neural stem cell microRNAs. RNA 17:675–686
Liang H, Zhang J, Zen K, Zhang C-Y, Chen X (2013) Nuclear microRNAs and their unconventional role in regulating non-coding RNAs. Protein Cell 4:325–330
Miescher F (1871) In Hoppe-Seyler's Medizinischchemiche Untersuchungen. Hirschwald A (author) Berlin 4:441–460
Pandya-Jones A, Black DL (2009) Co-transcriptional splicing of constitutive and alternative exons. RNA 15:1896–1908
Bhatt DM, Pandya-Jones A, Tong A-J, Barozzi I, Lissner MM, Natoli G, Black DL, Smale ST (2012) Transcript dynamics of proinflammatory genes revealed by sequence analysis of subcellular RNA fractions. Cell 150:279–290
Damianov A, Ying Y, Lin C-H, Lee J-A, Tran D, Vashisht AA, Bahrami-Samani E, Xing Y, Martin KC, Wohlschlegel JA, Black DL (2016) Rbfox proteins regulate splicing as part of a large Multiprotein complex LASR. Cell 165:606–619
Grabowski PJ (2005) Splicing-active nuclear extracts from rat brain. Methods 37:323–330
Sharma S, Falick AM, Black DL (2005) Polypyrimidine tract binding protein blocks the 5′ splice site-dependent assembly of U2AF and the prespliceosomal E complex. Mol Cell 19:485–496
Markovtsov V, Nikolic JM, Goldman JA, Turck CW, Chou MY, Black DL (2000) Cooperative assembly of an hnRNP complex induced by a tissue-specific homolog of polypyrimidine tract binding protein. Mol Cell Biol 20:7463–7479
Chou MY, Rooke N, Turck CW, Black DL (1999) hnRNP H is a component of a splicing enhancer complex that activates a c-src alternative exon in neuronal cells. Mol Cell Biol 19:69–77
Wuarin J, Schibler U (1994) Physical isolation of nascent RNA chains transcribed by RNA polymerase II: evidence for cotranscriptional splicing. Mol Cell Biol 14:7219–7225
Acknowledgment
We thank Julia Nikolic for critical reading of the manuscript and Douglas L. Black for his support. K-H.Y. was supported by a fellowship from UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center’s Training Program.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Yeom, KH., Damianov, A. (2017). Methods for Extraction of RNA, Proteins, or Protein Complexes from Subcellular Compartments of Eukaryotic Cells. In: Shi, Y. (eds) mRNA Processing. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1648. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7204-3_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7204-3_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7203-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7204-3
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols