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Stigmasterol Removal by an Aerobic Treatment System

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Microbial Steroids

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1645))

Abstract

Stigmasterol is a phytosterol contained in Kraft mill effluent that is able to increase over 100% after aerobic biological treatment. This compound can act as an endocrine disrupter as its structure is similar to that of cholesterol. Furthermore, stigmasterol contained in Kraft mill effluent shows high toxicity (25-fold that of β-sitosterol) to aquatic organisms such as Daphnia magna (24–48 h). However, the operation of the aerobic treatment and biomass adaptation could be affecting their removal. The performances of activated sludge (AS), aerated lagoon (AL), and moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR) are compared for removing stigmasterol contained in Kraft mill effluent. The AL operates at a hydraulic retention time of 6 h and removes up to 90% of phytosterols. So, a 96% of stigmasterol is removed by AL when the sterol retention load is 0.6 mg/L/day. However, stigmasterol concentrations increase from 29% to 37% at a low stigmasterol load rate (0.2 mg/L/day). On the other hand, the stigmasterol is removed between 65% and 87% by an AS under a hydraulic retention time of 3 h. Moreover, a 100% of stigmasterol can be removed by the MBBR when the hydraulic retention time is 2 days.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by FONDECYT 3120216, FONDECYT 1120664, and CONICYT/FONDAP/15130015.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering and Environmental Biotechnology Group, Environmental Science Faculty & Center EULA-Chile, University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile

    Soledad Chamorro, Claudia Xavier & Gladys Vidal

  2. Federal University of Technology - Paraná –UTFPR, Campus Curitiba, P. O. Box Av. Sete de Setembro, 3165, CEP 80230-901, Curitiba-PR, Brazil

    Claudia Xavier

  3. Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Víctor Hernández & José Becerra

Authors
  1. Soledad Chamorro
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  2. Claudia Xavier
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  3. Víctor Hernández
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  4. José Becerra
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  5. Gladys Vidal
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gladys Vidal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Crystal Pharma, A Division of Albany Molecular Research Inc. (AMRI), Parque Tecnológico de León, León, Spain

    José-Luis Barredo

  2. Research and Development Department, Gadea Pharmaceutical Group, A Division of Albany Molecular Research Inc. (AMRI), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain

    Ignacio Herráiz

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Chamorro, S., Xavier, C., Hernández, V., Becerra, J., Vidal, G. (2017). Stigmasterol Removal by an Aerobic Treatment System. In: Barredo, JL., Herráiz, I. (eds) Microbial Steroids. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1645. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7183-1_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7183-1_10

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7182-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7183-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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