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Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1416))

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are of major interest in regenerative medicine, as they are easily harvested from a variety of sources (including bone marrow and fat aspirates) and they are able to form a range of mesenchymal tissues, in vitro and in vivo. We focus here on the use of MSCs for engineering of cartilage, bone, and complex osteochondral tissue constructs, using protocols that replicate some aspects of natural mesodermal development. For engineering of human bone, we discuss some of the current advances, and highlight the use of perfusion bioreactors for supporting anatomically exact human bone grafts. For engineering of human cartilage, we discuss the limitations of current approaches, and highlight engineering of stratified, mechanically functional human cartilage interfaced with bone by mesenchymal condensation of MSCs. Taken together, current advances enable engineering of physiologically relevant bone, cartilage and osteochondral composites, and physiologically relevant studies of osteochondral development and disease.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the NIH (grants DE016525, EB002520, and AR061988 to G.V.N.), the A*STAR Graduate Academy in Singapore (graduate fellowship to J.N.), the NSF (graduate fellowship to J.B.), the Whitaker Foundation (fellowship to J.B.), and the Columbia University (Presidential Fellowship to J.B.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Johnathan Ng, Jonathan Bernhard & Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic

  2. Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic

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  1. Johnathan Ng
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  2. Jonathan Bernhard
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  3. Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
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Correspondence to Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Molecular Med,Unit of Cardiology, University of Pavia, PAVIA, Italy

    Massimiliano Gnecchi

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Ng, J., Bernhard, J., Vunjak-Novakovic, G. (2016). Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. In: Gnecchi, M. (eds) Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1416. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3584-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3584-0_3

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