Abstract
The rat and especially a number of inbred rat strains are very well suited for modeling multiple sclerosis (MS). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the model of MS, can be induced by active or passive immunization. Active immunization can be performed with different myelin proteins or peptides thereof. Passive immunization is performed by transfer of myelin-specific T cells. Most known is EAE induced with myelin basic protein (MBP) in LEW (RT1l) rats that results in monophasic disease and EAE induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in DA (RT1av1) rats that leads to relapsing remitting or chronic disease. Depending on the selected inbred rat strain, the immunogen and adjuvant used, different disease courses and pathologies can be induced that mimic different aspects of MS.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Weissert R (2013) The immune pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 8:857–866
Weissert R (2012) Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In: Weissert R (ed.), Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: models, disease biology and experimental therapy. pp. 1–19. DOI: 10.5772/29792. ISBN 978-953-51-0038-6
Lublin FD, Reingold SC, Cohen JA et al (2014) Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: the 2013 revisions. Neurology 83:278–286
Lucchinetti CF, Popescu BF, Bunyan RF et al (2011) Inflammatory cortical demyelination in early multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 365:2188–2197
Weissert R, Wallstrom E, Storch MK et al (1998) MHC haplotype-dependent regulation of MOG-induced EAE in rats. J Clin Invest 102:1265–1273
Storch MK, Stefferl A, Brehm U et al (1998) Autoimmunity to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in rats mimics the spectrum of multiple sclerosis pathology. Brain Pathol 8:681–694
Weissert R, Svenningsson A, Lobell A et al (1998) Molecular and genetic requirements for preferential recruitment of TCRBV8S2+ T cells in Lewis rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol 160:681–690
Storch MK, Bauer J, Linington C et al (2006) Cortical demyelination can be modeled in specific rat models of autoimmune encephalomyelitis and is major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype-related. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 65:1137–1142
Weissert R, de Graaf KL, Storch MK et al (2001) MHC class II-regulated central nervous system autoaggression and T cell responses in peripheral lymphoid tissues are dissociated in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol 166:7588–7599
de Graaf KL, Barth S, Herrmann MM et al (2008) Characterization of the encephalitogenic immune response in a model of multiple sclerosis. Eur J Immunol 38:299–308
McFarlin DE, Hsu SC, Slemenda SB et al (1975) The immune response against myelin basic protein in two strains of rat with different genetic capacity to develop experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med 141:72–81
Mannie MD, Paterson PY, U'Prichard DC et al (1985) Induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats with purified synthetic peptides: delineation of antigenic determinants for encephalitogenicity, in vitro activation of cellular transfer, and proliferation of lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 82:5515–5519
Lorentzen JC, Issazadeh S, Storch M et al (1995) Protracted, relapsing and demyelinating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in DA rats immunized with syngeneic spinal cord and incomplete Freund’s adjuvant. J Neuroimmunol 63:193–205
Weissert R, Lobell A, de Graaf KL et al (2000) Protective DNA vaccination against organ-specific autoimmunity is highly specific and discriminates between single amino acid substitutions in the peptide autoantigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:1689–1694
Zhao W, Wegmann KW, Trotter JL et al (1994) Identification of an N-terminally acetylated encephalitogenic epitope in myelin proteolipid apoprotein for the Lewis rat. J Immunol 153:901–909
Kornek B, Storch MK, Weissert R et al (2000) Multiple sclerosis and chronic autoimmune encephalomyelitis: a comparative quantitative study of axonal injury in active, inactive, and remyelinated lesions. Am J Pathol 157:267–276
Meyer R, Weissert R, Diem R et al (2001) Acute neuronal apoptosis in a rat model of multiple sclerosis. J Neurosci 21:6214–6220
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Weissert, R. (2014). Actively Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Rats. In: Weissert, R. (eds) Multiple Sclerosis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1304. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2014_177
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2014_177
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2629-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2630-5
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols