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Paleo-sea ice distribution and polynya variability on the Kara Sea shelf during the last 12 ka

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Abstract

The Kara Sea is an important area for paleo-climatic research since sea ice and brine formation take place on its shelf—two processes inducing supra-regional climatic implications and thereby connecting regional environmental variability with global climatic conditions. To gain information about past sea ice coverage and variations, three sediment cores distributed in the southern and central parts of the marginal Sea were investigated. By applying the sea ice biomarker IP25 and the PIP25 index [phytoplankton biomarker (dinosterol)-IP25 index] post-glacial sea ice variability could be detected in the central Kara Sea (Core BP00-36/4), with most intense sea ice cover between 12.4 and 11.8 ka coinciding with the Younger Dryas (12.9–11.6 ka), and reduced sea ice cover between 10 and 8 ka during the Holocene Thermal Maximum. During the last ~ 7 ka, increasing sea ice indicators might indicate a Holocene cooling trend, probably induced by declining summer insolation. Furthermore, temporal changes in the fast ice—polynya distribution in the southern Kara Sea were detected: expanding fast ice during the late Holocene and a cyclic short-term Holocene climate variability documented by abrupt changes in the sea ice coverage at the BP00-07/7 core site. Core BP99-04/7 from the Yenisei estuary recorded consistently seasonal sea ice cover since ~ 9.3 ka, apart from five short phases of fast ice expansion to the core site. The strong influence of river run-off as well as estuary processes might prevent the detection of (short-term) climatic signals at this study site.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all members of the expeditions with RV Akademik Boris Petrov (BP99 and BP00; part of a German–Russian research project Siberian River Run-off (SIRRO), funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research) for providing the sediment material. Financial support by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Transdrift, Grant-No. 03G0833B) and the Alfred Wegener Institute is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks to Simon Belt and colleagues (Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth) for providing the internal standard for IP25 analysis.

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  1. Tanja Hörner

    Present address: Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany

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  1. Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Am Alten Hafen 26, 27568, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Tanja Hörner, Ruediger Stein & Kirsten Fahl

  2. MARUM and Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany

    Ruediger Stein

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  1. Tanja Hörner
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Hörner, T., Stein, R. & Fahl, K. Paleo-sea ice distribution and polynya variability on the Kara Sea shelf during the last 12 ka. Arktos 4, 1–16 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41063-018-0040-4

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