Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Integration- and Intake-Induced Flow Distortions and Their Impact on Aerodynamic Fan Performance

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Simulation of Wing and Nacelle Stall (FOR 1066 2014)

Part of the book series: Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design ((NNFM,volume 131))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

This paper provides a general overview of the most recent activities at DLR’s Institute of Propulsion Technology dedicated to the appraisal of fan performance under the influence of installation and intake induced flow distortions. Most of the results are to be considered work in progress and the intention of this paper is to merely provide a general overview of the current research demands for current and future propulsors powering medium and largely sized engines. The first part of the paper summarizes a ground induced inlet distortion study carried out with the V2500 transonic fan stage. One of the objectives was to provide reference results for a realistic and engine representative fan stage with a relatively high fan total pressure ratio. Full scale measurements were taken at DLR’s research aircraft ATRA, allowing for a visualization of the flow structures ingested by the fan and a direct comparison with computational data from full annulus, fully coupled and unsteady CFD simulations of the entire ground, nacelle, intake, and fan system. The second part summarizes the comparison of the sensitivity of the operational behavior of two fans with different total pressure ratios towards a generic yet realistic inlet distortion. Results from unsteady CFD computations of the V2500 fan will be compared with those of a research fan with a substantially lower fan pressure ratio (Fan135). The focus of the third part of this paper is to introduce a design methodology for closely coupled intake and fan systems and to present results from a preliminary design study, aiming at short and ultra-short inlets in combination with a fan pressure ratio FPR=1.35 fan being representative for future UHBR engines.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. ARP1420, SAE Gas Turbine Engine Inlet Flow Distortion Guidelines, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Albers, J., Miller, B.: Effect of Subsonic Inlet Lip Geometry on Predicted Surface and Flow Mach Number Distribution, NASA Technical Note TN-D-7446, December 1973

    Google Scholar 

  3. Albert, M., Bestle, D.: Aerodynamic Optimization of Nacelle and Intake, ASME Paper GT2013-94857, ASME Turbo Expo 2013 San Antonio/Texas (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Aulich, A.-L., Goerke, D., Blocher, M., Nicke, E., Kocian, F.: Automated Optimization Strategy on a Counter Rotating Fan, ASME Paper GT2013-94259, ASME Turbo Expo San Antonio/US (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Becker, R.-G., Wolters, F., Nauroz, M., Otten, T.: Development of a gas turbine performance code and its application to preliminary engine design, DLRK2013-241485, Proceedings of the German Aerospace Congress, September 27–29, Bremen/Germany (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Becker, R., Döpelheuer, A.: Vorlesung Triebwerkskonzepte Ruhr Universität Bochum (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Corroyer, J.: Couped Fan/Intake Design Studies for UHBR Aero Engines: DLR Internal Report IB-325-12-14 and Thesis at ENSIAME Ecole Nationale Superieure d’Ingenieur en Informatique, Automatique, Mechanique, Energetique et Electronique, September 2014

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ehrich, F.: Circumferential Inlet Distortions in Axial Flow Turbomachiner. Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences (Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences) 24(6), 413–417 (1957)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Fidalgo, V.J., Hall, C.A., Colin, Y.: A Study of Fan-Distortion Interaction within the NASA Rotor 67 Transonic Stage. J. Turbomach. 134(5), 051011 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Franke, M., Röber, T., Kügeler, E., Ashcroft, G.: Turbulence Treatment in Steady and Unsteady Turbomachinery Flows, 5th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics ECCOMAS CFD (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Giebmanns, A., Schnell, R., Steinert, W., Hergt, A. Nicke, E., Werner-Spatz, C.: Analysing and Optimising Geometrically Degraded Transonic Fan Blades by means of 2D and 3D Simulations and Cascade Measurements, ASME Paper 2012-GT- 69064, ASME Turbo Expo Copenhagen (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Giebmanns, A., Backhaus, J., Frey, C., Schnell, R.: Compressor Leading Edge Sensitivities and Analysis with an Adjoint Flow Solver, ASME Paper GT2013-94427, ASME Turbo Expo San Antonio/USA (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hooker, J., Wick, A., Zeune, C., Agelastos, A.: Over Wing Nacelle Installations for Improved Energy Efficiency, AIAA-Paper 2013-2920 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kim, H., Liou, M.-S.: Flow Simulation of N2B Hybrid Wing Body Conguration, In Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Nashville, Tennessee (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Lengyel-Kampmann, Bischoff, A., Meyer, R., Nicke, E.: Design of an Economical Counter-Rotating Fan – Comparison of the Calculated and Measured Steady and Unsteady Results, ASME Paper GT2012-69587, ASME Turbo Expo Copenhagen, June 2012

    Google Scholar 

  16. Liou, M.-S., Lee, B.J.: Minimizing Inlet Distortion for Hybrid Wing Body Aircraft. J. Turbomach. 134(3), 031020 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Longley, J.P., Greitzer, E.M.: Inlet Distortion Effects in Aircraft Propulsion System Integration, In AGARD, Steady and Transient Performance Prediction of Gas Turbine Engines 18 p (SEE N92-28458 19-07), May 1992

    Google Scholar 

  18. Marciniak, V., Kuegeler, E., Franke, M.: Predicting Transition on Low-Pressure Turbine Profiles, 5th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics ECCOMAS CFD (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Murphy, J., MacManus, D., Sheaf, C.: Experimental investigation of intake ground vortices during takeoff. AIAA Journal 48, 688–701 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Peters, A., Sparkovsky, Z., Rose, B., Lord, W.K.: Ultra-Short Nacelles for Low Fan Pressure Ratio Propulsors, ASME Paper GT2014-26369, ASME Turbo Expo Düsseldorf, June 2014

    Google Scholar 

  21. Plas, A.P., Sargeant, M.A., Madani, V., Crichton, D., Greitzer, E.M., Hynes, T.P., Hall, C.A.: Performance of a Boundary Layer Ingesting (BLI) Propulsion System, AIAA Paper 2007-450, 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit 8 – 11 January, Reno, Nevada (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Prasad, D., Feng, J.: Propagation and Decay of Shock Waves in Turbofan Engine Inlets, J. Turbomach. doi:10.1115/1.1811102, vol. 127, pp. 118 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Rademakers, R.P.M., Bindl, S., Brehm, S., Muth, B., Niehuis, R.: Investigation of Flow Distortion in an Integrated Inlet of a Jet Engine, DLRK2013-301349, Proceedings of the German Aerospace Congress, September 10–12, Stuttgart, Germany (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Schnell, R., Giebmanns, A., Nicke, E., Dabrock, T., C.: Aerodynamic Analysis of a Fan for Future Ultra-High-Bypass-Ratio Aero Engines, ISABE Paper 2009-1149, 19th ISABE Conference Montreal/Canada, September 2009

    Google Scholar 

  25. Schnell, R., Yin, J., Voss, C., Nicke, E.: Assessment and Optimization of the Aerodynamic and Acoustic Characteristics of a Counter Rotating Open Rotor. J. Turbomach. 134(6), 061016 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Schnell, R., Ebel, P.-B., Becker, R. G., Schönweitz, D.: Performance Analysis of the Integrated V2527-Engine Fan at Ground Operation, 13th Onera DLR Aerospace Symposium ODAS, Palaiseau, May 2013

    Google Scholar 

  27. Schönweitz, D., Trailovic, A. Schnell, R.: Vortical Inflow Distortions in a Jet Engine Intake During Take-Off, DLRK2013- 1388, Proceedings of the German Aerospace Congress, September 10–12, Stuttgart, Germany (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Schönweitz, D: Development of a Setup for the Simulation of Unsteady Interactions between a Fan-Rotor and Non-generic Inlet Distortions, TRACE User Conference, March 24 – 27, Cologne (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Schnell, R., Corroyer, J.: Coupled Fan and Intake Design Optimization for Installed UHBR-Engines with Ultra-Short Nacelles, 23rd International Symposium on Air Breathing Engines ISABE 2015 Phoenix/AZ, USA (2015). (extended abstract accepted)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Schröder, A., Geisler, R., Schanz, D., Agocs, J., Pallek, D., Schroll, M., Klinner, J., Beversdorff, M., Voges, M., Willert, C.: Application of image based measurement techniques for the investigation of aeroengine performance on a commercial aircraft in ground operation, Conference Paper Session 2.4_3 “Rotating Machinery”, 17th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics Lisbon, Portugal, July 07–10, 2014

    Google Scholar 

  31. Shorstov, V., Makarov, V., Andreev, S., Fedorchenko, J., Bekurin, D., Karnauchov, A.: Unsteady Calculation of Intake-Fan Flow of HBPR Turbofan Engine at Take-Off with Strong Cross Wind, ISABE Paper 2013-1113, 21st ISABE Conference 9–13. September, Busan/Korea (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Smith, A.R., Thorne, R.C.G., Surply, T., Chanez, P.: Aerodynamic Aspects of Application of Negative Scarf Intake to High Bypass Ratio Civil Turbofans,” AIAA Paper 2005-4205, p. 11 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Sóbester, A.: Tradeoffs in Jet Inlet Design: A Historical Perspective, Journal of Aircraft 44(3), May–June 2007

    Google Scholar 

  34. Theune, M., Schönweitz, D., Schnell, R.: Sensitivität eines Triebwerk-Fans gegenüber Einlaufstörungen, 19. DGLR-Fachsymposium der STAB München, Dezember (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Trailovic, A.: Simulation and Analysis of the Flow Field around a Jet Engine Intake, DLR Internal Report and Placement Report for ENSIAME Ecole Nationale Superieure d’Ingenieur en Informatique, Automatique, Mechanique, Energetique et Electronique, January 2013

    Google Scholar 

  36. Voß, C., Aulich, M., Kaplan, B., Nicke, E., 2006, Automated Multiobjective Optimisation in Axial Compressor Blade Design, ASME Paper GT2006-90420

    Google Scholar 

  37. Zantop, S.: Jet engine ground vortex studies, MSc Thesis, Cranfield University, August 2008

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. German Aerospace Center – DLR, Institute of Propulsion Technology, Linder Höhe, 51147, Köln, Germany

    Rainer Schnell, Dirk Schönweitz, Marius Theune & Johakim Corroyer

Authors
  1. Rainer Schnell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dirk Schönweitz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Marius Theune
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Johakim Corroyer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rainer Schnell .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany

    Rolf Radespiel

  2. Institute of Jet Propulsion, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Neubiberg, Germany

    Reinhard Niehuis

  3. Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Braunschweig, Germany

    Norbert Kroll

  4. Institute of Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany

    Kathrin Behrends

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Schnell, R., Schönweitz, D., Theune, M., Corroyer, J. (2016). Integration- and Intake-Induced Flow Distortions and Their Impact on Aerodynamic Fan Performance. In: Radespiel, R., Niehuis, R., Kroll, N., Behrends, K. (eds) Advances in Simulation of Wing and Nacelle Stall. FOR 1066 2014. Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, vol 131. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21127-5_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21127-5_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-21126-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-21127-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation