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In most mammalian (social) species, one or both sexes disperse, either to avoid inbreeding or as a result of increased competition for limited resources. The sex that remains in their natal group is considered philopatric, remaining and breeding in their natal range or group (Clutton-Brock and Lukas 2012). The sex that migrates or disperses to another group to find mating partners exhibits natal dispersal – a permanent movement the animal makes from its point of origin to the place where it reproduces or would have reproduced if it survives (Greenwood 1980). If there is migration subsequent to reproduction, we call this breeding dispersal – movement of individuals that have reproduced, between successive breeding sites. Due to the costs of dispersing (see below), typically, individuals only disperse a single time in their lifetime. However, if an animal disperses more than once, they are considered secondary dispersers– permanent or semipermanent...
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References
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Piel, A.K. (2016). Females Remain with Natal Group. In: Weekes-Shackelford, V., Shackelford, T., Weekes-Shackelford, V. (eds) Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_1526-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_1526-1
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