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Can We Use Metabolomics to Understand Changes to Gut Microbiota Populations and Function? A Nutritional Perspective

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Metabonomics and Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Disease

Part of the book series: Molecular and Integrative Toxicology ((MOLECUL))

Abstract

Food is an integral part of human life, and the composition of our diet is an important determinant of our health and well-being. Food is also the main source of energy and nutrients for the gut microbiota, the 100 trillion cells that coexist inside us. The impact of macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates, and fiber) and specific non-nutrient food components (polyphenols) will be reviewed in the context of gut microbial function and interaction with the host. Colonic microbiota provides diverse enzymatic activities differing from our own, which lead to the production of metabolites essential for key metabolic functions, including carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Certain gut metabolites are specific to microbial activity and confer functionalities beyond energy production, such as signalling cascades across cells, tissues, and organs. Metabolomics has proven to be a useful tool to measure the effects of food on the gut microbiota and its interaction with host metabolism.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Natural Bioactives and Screening, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Sofia Moco

  2. Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Alastair B. Ross

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  1. Sofia Moco
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Correspondence to Sofia Moco .

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  1. Analytical Sciences Competence Pillar, Nestec SA, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Sunil Kochhar

  2. Molecular Biomarkers, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland

    François-Pierre Martin

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Moco, S., Ross, A.B. (2015). Can We Use Metabolomics to Understand Changes to Gut Microbiota Populations and Function? A Nutritional Perspective. In: Kochhar, S., Martin, FP. (eds) Metabonomics and Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Disease. Molecular and Integrative Toxicology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6539-2_5

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