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Structural Biology of NOD-Like Receptors

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Structural Immunology

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1172))

Abstract

The nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) containing (NLR) proteins are a large family of intracellular immune receptors conserved in both animals and plants. Mammalian NLRs function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or host-derived danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). PAMP or DAMP perception activates NLRs which consequently recruit pro-caspase-1 directly or indirectly. These sequential events result in formation of large multimeric protein complexes termed inflammasomes that mediate caspase-1 activation for pyroptosis and cytokine secretion. Recent structural and biochemical studies provide significant insights into the acting mechanisms of NLR proteins. In this chapter, we review and discuss these studies concerning autoinhibition, ligand recognition, activation of NLRs, and assembly of NLR inflammasomes.

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Acknowledgements

The project was funded by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2014CB910101 to J.C.), Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation (Humboldt Professorship to J.C.) and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (Max-Planck Fellow) to J.C.

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    1. School of Life Sciences, Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

      Xinru Yang, Guangzhong Lin, Zhifu Han & Jijie Chai

    2. Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany

      Jijie Chai

    3. Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 47, 50674, Koeln, Germany

      Jijie Chai

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    1. Xinru Yang
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    1. The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China

      Tengchuan Jin

    2. Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA

      Qian Yin

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    Yang, X., Lin, G., Han, Z., Chai, J. (2019). Structural Biology of NOD-Like Receptors. In: Jin, T., Yin, Q. (eds) Structural Immunology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1172. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9367-9_6

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