Abstract
A series of heat treatments by orthogonal experimental method were performed to study the mechanical properties of HT-9 ferritic/martensitic steel. The results show that the tempering temperature is the most important factor affecting the yield strength (Rp0.2) and elongation (EL%) of HT-9 steel. With the increments of tempering temperature, EL% increases and Rp0.2 decreases gradually. Both normalizing temperature and tempering temperature show influence on DBTT of HT-9 steel. Considering the tensile strength and impact toughness properties with no abrupt reduction of tensile strength, the optimal heat treatment regime is selected as follows: normalizing at 1000 ℃ for 0.5 h followed by oil cooling, and tempering at 760 ℃ for 1.5 h followed by air cooling.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
F. Abe, T. Noda, H. Araki, M. Okada, Development of reduced-activation martensitic 9Cr steels for fusion reactor. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. 31, 279–292 (1994)
R.L. Klueh, D.R. Harries, in American Society for Testing and Materials (West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, 2001)
R.L. Klueh, A.T. Nelson, Ferritic/martensitic steels for next-generation reactors. J. Nucl. Mater. 371, 37–52 (2007)
K. Natesan, A. Purohit, S.W. Tam, Materials Behavior in HTGR Environments (U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards Special Technical Publication, Washington, 2003)
T.R. Allen, R.G. Lott, J.T. Busby, A.S. Kumar, in Effects of Radiation on Materials, 22nd International Symposium, ASTM STP1475, Boston 2004, pp. 99–105
F. Abe, T-U. Kern, R. Viswanathan, Creep-Resistant Steels (Woodhead, Boca Raton, 2008)
S. Sathyanarayanan, J. Basu, A. Moitra, G. Sasikala, V. Singh, Effect of thermal aging on ductile-brittle transition temperature of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel evaluated with reference temperature approach under dynamic loading condition. Metall. Mater. Trans. A. 44, 2141–2155 (2013)
X. Hu, L. X. Huang, W. Yan, W. Wang, W. Sha, Y.Y. Shan, K. Yang, Evolution of microstructure and changes of mechanical properties of CLAM steel after long-term aging. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 586, 253–258 (2013)
W. L. Zhong, W. Wang, X. Yang, W. S. Li, W. Yan, W. Sha, W. Wang, Y. Y. Shan, K. Yang, Relationship between laves phase and the impact brittleness of P92 steel reevaluated, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 639, 252–258 (2015)
G. Sasikala, S.K, Ray, Evaluation of quasistatic fracture toughness of a modified 9Cr-1Mo (P91) steel. Master. Sci. Eng. A. 479, 105–111 (2008)
P. Yvon, F. Carré, Structural materials challenges for advanced reactor systems. J. Nucl. Mater. 385, 217–222 (2009)
K.L. Murty, I. Charit, Static strain aging and dislocation-impurity interactions in irradiated mild steel. J. Nucl. Mater. 382, 217–222 (2008)
R.C. Wilcox, B.A. Chin, Austenitizing and microstructure of a HT-9 steel. J. Nucl. Mater. 17, 285–298 (1984)
P.J. Ennis, A. Zielinska-Lipiec, O. Wachter, A. Czyrska-Filemonowicz, Microstructural stability and creep rupture strength of the martensitic steel P92 for advanced power plant original research article. Acta Mater 45, 4901–4907 (1997)
T.C. Totemeier, J.A. Simpson, H. Tian, Effect of weld intercooling temperature on the structure and impact strength of ferritic-martensitic steels. Metall. Sci. Eng. A. 426, 323–331 (2006)
A.F. Rowcliffe, J.P. Robertson, R.L. Klueh, K. Shiba, D.J. Alexander, M.L. Grossbeck, S. Jitsukawa, Fracture toughness and tensile behavior of ferritic-martensitic steels irradiated at low temperatures. J. Nucl. Mater. 258–263, 1275–1279 (1998)
A.H. Cai, Y. Zhou, J.Y. Tan, Y. Luo, T.L. Li, M. Chen, W.K. An, Optimization of composition of heat-treated chromium white cast iron casting by phosphate graphite mold. J. Alloy. Compd. 466, 273–280 (2008)
S.J. Kim, Y.G. Cho, C.S. Oh, D.E. Kim, M.B. Moon, H.N. Han, Development of a dual phase steel using orthogonal design method, Mater. Des. 30, 1251–1257 (2009)
I. Calliari, M. Zanesco, M. Dabalà, K. Brunelli, E. Ramous, Investigation of microstructure and properties of a Ni–Mo martensitic stainless steel, Mater. Des. 29, 246–250 (2008)
R.C. Fan, M. Gao, Y.C. Ma, X.D. Zha, X.C. Hao, K. Liu, Effects of heat treatment and nitrogen on microstructure and mechanical properties of 1Cr12NiMo martensitic stainless steel. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 28, 1059–1066 (2012)
C.H. Hsu, H.Y. Teng, S.C. Lee, Effects of heat treatment and testing temperature on fracture mechanics behavior of low-Si CA-15 stainless steel. Metall. Mater. Trans. A. 35, 471–480 (2004)
T. Karthikeyan, V. Thomas Paul, S. Saroja, A. Moitra, G. Sasikala, M. Vijayalakshmi, Grain refinement to improve impact toughness in 9Cr-1Mo steel through a double austenitization treatment. J. Nucl. Mater. 419, 256–262 (2011)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program, China (No. 149601A-A033).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ma, T. et al. (2018). Influence of Orthogonal Heat Treatments on Mechanical Properties of HT-9 Ferritic/Martensitic Steel. In: Han, Y. (eds) Advances in Energy and Environmental Materials. CMC 2017. Springer Proceedings in Energy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0158-2_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0158-2_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-0157-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-0158-2
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)