Skip to main content

Silicidation and Metallization Issues Using Rapid Thermal Processing

  • Chapter
Advances in Rapid Thermal and Integrated Processing

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 318))

Abstract

When RTP was introduced as a promising technology step for IC fabrication, one was interested in the first place in its flexibility for the high temperature range. Meanwhile, RTP has been introduced in research for almost every temperature treatment. Whereas the high temperature range is still extremely attractive for implant activation and gate oxidation, possible applications in the silicide and metallization areas have widened the temperature range of interest down to the very limits for which radiation heating can still be envisioned, being typically 400 °C.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 349.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 449.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 449.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. K. Maex, Materials Science and Engineering R11, 53 153, (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  2. C. Hill, S. Jones and D. Boys, in “Reduced Thermal Processing for ULSI” ed. R.A. Levy, Proc. of NATO-ASI 207 (1988) p.143.

    Google Scholar 

  3. D.P. De Witt and R.E. Rondeau, J. Thermophysics 3, 153 (1989).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. T. Sato, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 6, 339 (1967).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. S. Wood, P. Apte, T.-J. King, M. Moslehi and K. Saraswat, SPIE Symp. Proc. 1393, 337 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. P. A. Schumann, Jr., W. A. Keenan, A.H. Tong, H.H. Gegenwarth and C.P. Schneider, J. Electrochemn. Soc. 118, 145 (1971).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. W. Spitzer and H. Fan, Phys. Rev. 108, 268 (1957).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. P. Vandenabeele and K. Maex, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 224, 185, (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Vandenabeele and K. Maex, SPIE Proc. 1393, 316, (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. D.W. Pettibone, J.R. Suarez and A. Gat, Mat. Res. Soc. Proc. 52, 209 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. P. Vandenabeele and K. Maex, J. Appl. Phys. 72, 5867 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. P. Vandenabeele, R. Schreutelkamp, K. Maex, C. Vermeiren and W. Coppye, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 260, 653 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. P. Vandenabeele, K. Maex and R. De Keersmaecker, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 146, 149 (1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. W. Eichhammer, P. Vandenabeele and K. Maex, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 224, 487 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  15. F. Jonckx and K. Maex, IMEC internal report (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  16. P. Carr and F. Tapp, First International Symposium on Ultra Clean Processing of Silicon Surfaces, Sept. 1992, Leuven, Belgium.

    Google Scholar 

  17. P. Carr and M. Filleul, European Semiconductor, Febr/April 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  18. P. Vandenabeele and K. Maex, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B9, 2784 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  19. F.M. d’Heurle, J. Mat Res., 3, 167 (1988).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. B. Davari, W.-H. Chang, K.E. Petrillo, C.Y. Wong, D. Moy, Y. Taur, M.R. Woreman, J.Y.-C. Sun, C.C.-H. Ksu and M.R. Polcari, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev., 39, 967 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. J.-M. Dilhac, C. Ganibal and N. Nolhier, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 224, 3 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. R.J. Schreutelkamp, P. Vandenabeele, B. Deweerdt, W. Coppye, C. Vermeiren, A. Lauwers and K. Maex, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 260, 145 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. R. J. Schreutelkarnp, P. Vandenabeele, B. Deweerdt, W. Coppye, C. Vermeiren, A. Lauwers and K. Maex, Appl. Phys. Lett., 61, 2296 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. H. Berger and S.-Y. Lin, 1 st Symp. ULSI Sci. Techn., Electrochem. Soc., 87–11, 434 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  25. H. Berger, Semicon. lnt., Sept 1987, 137.

    Google Scholar 

  26. H. J.W. van Houtum, I. J. M. M. Raaijmakers and T.J.M. Menting, J. Appl. Phys., 61, 3116 (1987).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. H. Jeon, C.A. Sukow, J. W. Honeycutt, G.A. Rozgonyi and R.J. Nemanich, J. Appl. Phys., 71, 4269 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. J. B. Lasky, J.S. Nakos, O. J. Cain and P.J. Geiss, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev., 28, 262 (1991).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. L. Clevenger, Appl. Surf. Sci. (1995), to be published.

    Google Scholar 

  30. K. Maex and R. Schreutelkamp, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 260, 133 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. C. Vermeiren, W. Coppye, R. Schreutelkamp, P. Vandenabeele and K. Maex, unpublished data.

    Google Scholar 

  32. I. Engstrom and B. Lonnberg, J. Appl. Phys., 63, 4476 (1988).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. R.J. Schreutelkamp, W. Coppye, W. De Bosscher, R. Van Meirhaeghe, L. Van Meirhaeghe, J. Vanhellemont, B. Deweerdt, A. Lauwers and K. Maex, J. Mat. Res. 8, 3111 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. K. Maex, L. Hobbs, W. Eichhammer in Symp. ULSI Science and Techn. Electrochem Soc., 91–11,2454 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  35. C.M. Osburn, J. Electron. Mater, 19, 67 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. C.L. Chu, K.C. Saraswat and S.S. Wong, IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev., 39, 2333 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. K. Maex, G. Ghosh, L. Detaey, V. Probst, P. Lippens, L Van den hove and R.F. De. Keersmaecker, J. Mat. Res. 4, 1209 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. Q. Wang, A. Lauwers, B. Deweerdt and K. Maex, Proc. 24th European sol. St. Dev. Res. Conf. (FSSDERC), (C. Hill and P. Ashburn, eds.) Editions Frontieres, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (1994), Edinburgh, p. 283.

    Google Scholar 

  39. T. Morimoto, H. Momose, T. linuma, I. Kunishima, K. Suguro, H. Okano, I. Katakabe, H. Nakajima, M. Tsuchiaki, M. Ono, Y. Katsumaya and H. Iwai, IEDM Techn. Digest (1993) 653.

    Google Scholar 

  40. H. Norstrom, K. Maex and P. Vandenabeele, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., B8, 1223 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  41. H. Nostrom, K. Maex and P. Vandenabeele, Thin Solid Films, 198, 53 (1991).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. H. Norstrom, K. Maex, A. Romano-Rodriguez, J. Vanhellemont and L. Van den hove, Microelectron. Eng., 14, 327 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. E. Colgan, Materials Science and Engineering, R15 (1995) to be published.

    Google Scholar 

  44. K. Fujii, K. Kikuta and T. Kikkawa, 1995 Symp. on VLSI Techn., Kyoto, p. 57.

    Google Scholar 

  45. A. Lauwers, Q.F. Wang, B. Deweerdt and K. Maex, Appl. Surf. Sci. (1995) to be published.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Q. F. Wang, A. Lauwers, B. Deweerdt, R. Verbeeck, F. Loosen and K. Maex, IEEE Trans. Semicond. Manuf, Vol. 8, No 4, November 1995, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Q. F. Wang, K. Maex, S. Kubicek, R. Jonckheere, B. Kerkwijk, R. Verbeeck, S. Biesemans and K. De Meyer, 1995 Symp. on VLSI Techn., Kyoto, p.17.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Maex, K. (1996). Silicidation and Metallization Issues Using Rapid Thermal Processing. In: Roozeboom, F. (eds) Advances in Rapid Thermal and Integrated Processing. NATO ASI Series, vol 318. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8711-2_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8711-2_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-4696-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-015-8711-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics