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Applications of Fluid Mixtures and Supercritical Solvents: A Survey

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Supercritical Fluids

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 273))

Abstract

Fluid mixtures, especially in the critical and supercritical regions, are of increasing interest for many fields: in geology and mineralogy (e.g. hydrothermal synthesis); as reaction media with continuously variable density and dielectric permittivity, high solvent power, low viscosities and high diffusion coefficients; for some industrial high-pressure processes (e.g. low-density polyethylene); in the oil and natural gas industries (e.g. for tertiary oil recovery); for some modern separation techniques such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) (e.g. decaffeination of coffee and tea, extraction of hops, spices, drugs, fragrances, oils, fats, colours) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) (e.g. analytical and preparative separations, determination of physicochemical properties). Supercritical fluids are promising solvents for the dyeing of fibers, deposition of small-sized solid particles (e.g. pharmaceuticals, explosives, coatings) or for chemical reactions (e.g. waste destruction in supercritical water). In the present lecture these and other applications of fluid mixtures are reviewed, the accent being on SFE and SFC.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Fakultät für Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780, Bochum, Germany

    Gerhard M. Schneider

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  1. Gerhard M. Schneider
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA

    Erdogan Kiran

  2. Thermophysics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA

    Johanna M. H. Levelt Sengers

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© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Schneider, G.M. (1994). Applications of Fluid Mixtures and Supercritical Solvents: A Survey. In: Kiran, E., Sengers, J.M.H.L. (eds) Supercritical Fluids. NATO ASI Series, vol 273. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8295-7_34

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8295-7_34

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-4427-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-015-8295-7

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