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Polymer Formation, Modifications and Processing in or with Supercritical Fluids

  • Chapter
Supercritical Fluids

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 273))

Abstract

Essential characteristics of chain molecules, their formation, properties and processing aspects are presented with a special focus on solvent dependent features. How supercritical fluids with their tunable characteristics can be put into use as the process or processing solvents in various stages of polymer formation, purification, modification, fabrication, recovery and recycling is discussed. Thermodynamic aspects of polymer solubility and the effects of various factors such as the polymer type, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, concentration, solvent type, temperature and pressure on the solubility of polymers in supercritical fluids are presented. Modeling of polymer solutions at high pressures with lattice fluid (Sanchez-Lacombe) and perturbation (SAFT) methods is reviewed and their effectiveness is compared. The question of kinetics of phase separation is addressed and a new technique which permits repetitive penetration into the metastable and unstable regions of a polymer-solvent system by multiple slow- or rapid (at rates approaching 1000 MPa/s) pressure drops is described.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469-5737, USA

    Erdogan Kiran

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA

    Erdogan Kiran

  2. Thermophysics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA

    Johanna M. H. Levelt Sengers

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Kiran, E. (1994). Polymer Formation, Modifications and Processing in or with Supercritical Fluids. In: Kiran, E., Sengers, J.M.H.L. (eds) Supercritical Fluids. NATO ASI Series, vol 273. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8295-7_22

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