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Geochemistry of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments of the Black Sea: An Overview

  • Chapter
Environmental Degradation of the Black Sea: Challenges and Remedies

Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((ASEN2,volume 56))

Abstract

The Black Sea sediments deposited during the last 30,000 yr consist of three units which can be traced over the deep Black Sea basin. The geochemical composition of these sediments reflects the paleogeographic, oceanographic and biological evolution of the basin during this period. The youngest unit, Unit 1, is a microlaminated coccolithophore mud that has been depositing since ∼3,000 yr BP, after the invasion of the Black Sea by coccolithophore Emiliania Huxleyi. This unit is enriched in Ca and Sr because of its high biogenic carbonate content and contains organic matter of mixed marine/terrestrial origin.

Unit 2 is a sapropel unit that was formed after the influx of Mediterranean waters at ∼ 7,000 yr BP. Compared to the other units, this unit is enriched in organic carbon (Corg), Mo, U, B, Cu, Ni, Co, V and Ba. The elements enriched in Unit 2 are either mainly associated with the organic matter (U, V, B), sulfides (Cu, Co, Mo), or with biologically secreted barite (Ba). Organic matter in this unit appears to be heterogeneous in composition, but probably mainly of marine origin. Low Mn contents of Unit 2, which are comparable with that of Unit 1, imply deposition of this unit under unoxic bottom waters. High Ba contents in Unit 2 indicate high rate of organic productivity during its formation.

Unit 3 is a laminated clayey mud deposited during a freshwater lacustrine phase of the basin. The organic matter in this unit is of terrestrial origin. Compared to the other two units, this unit contains higher contents of Mn, Zr and Ti. The high Mn contents imply deposition through oxic waters and high Zr and Ti point to a detrital aluminosilicate source.

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  1. Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Istanbul University, Müşküle Sokak, Vefa, 34470, Istanbul, Turkey

    M. Namik Çağatay

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    Sükrü T. Beşiktepe  & Ümit Ünlüata  & 

  2. Romanian Marine Research Institute, Constanta, Romania

    Alexandru S. Bologa

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Çağatay, M.N. (1999). Geochemistry of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments of the Black Sea: An Overview. In: Beşiktepe, S.T., Ünlüata, Ü., Bologa, A.S. (eds) Environmental Degradation of the Black Sea: Challenges and Remedies. NATO Science Series, vol 56. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4568-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4568-8_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-5676-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4568-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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