Abstract
A supercritical fluid is a substance with both gas-and liquid-like properties. It is gas-like in that it is a compressible fluid that fills its container, and is liquid-like in that it has comparable densities (0.1–1 g ml-1) and solvating power. Supercritical behaviour only occurs when the substance is above its critical temperature and pressure. However, the converse is not always true—pressures and temperatures above the critical values do not always result in a supercritical fluid. At very high pressures (e.g. > 108 Pa) the freezing curve can rise into the supercritical fluid region and so both solid and supercritical phases can exist (Scholsky, 1989) (Figure 1.1). For analytical scale extraction the term supercritical generally refers to conditions above the critical temperature and close to the critical pressure.
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Hitchen, S.M., Dean, J.R. (1993). Properties of supercritical fluids. In: Dean, J.R. (eds) Applications of Supercritical Fluids in Industrial Analysis. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2146-0_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2146-0_1
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