Skip to main content

Experimental models of lymphatic metastasis

  • Chapter
Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Part of the book series: Developments in Oncology ((DION,volume 7))

Abstract

The common human cancers spread by lymphatic metastasis [1], but most experimental work on metastasis has been done with models of hematogenous metastasis since this occurs much more readily in animal systems. The classic work on lymphatic metastasis was that of Zeidman and Buss [2], but until 1970 the field was relatively unexplored. The present chapter describes work over a number of years on experimental lymphatic metastasis. Fuller reviews of the work of others have been published elsewhere [3, 4].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Weiss L, Gilbert HA, Ballon SC (eds): Lymphatic system metastasis. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Zeidman I, Buss JM: Experimental studies on the spread of cancer in the lymphatic system. I. Effectiveness of the lymph node as a barrier to the passage of embolic tumor cells. Cancer Res 14:403–405, 1954.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Varí de Velde CJH, Carr I: Lymphatic invasion and metastasis. Experientia 33:837–84, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Carr I, Carr J: Experimental lymphatic invasion and metastasis. In: Lymphatic system metastasis, Weiss L, Gilbert HA, Ballon SC (eds). Boston: G.K. Hall, 1980, pp 41–73.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Carr I, McGinty F: Lymphatic metastasis and its inhibition: an experimental model. J Pathol 113:85–95, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Carr I, McGinty F: Neoplastic invasion and metastasis within the lymphoreticular system. Adv Exp Med Biol 73(B): 319–329.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Carr I, Underwood JCE, McGinty F, Wood P: The ultrastructure of the local lymphoreticular response to an experimental neoplasm. J Pathol 113:175–182, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Carr I, McGinty F, Norris P: The fine structure of neoplastic invasion: invasion of liver, skeletal muscle and lymphatic vessels by the Rd/3 tumor. J Pathol 118:91–99, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Carr J, Carr I, Dreher B, Betts K: Lymphatic metastasis: invasion of lymphatic vessels and efflux of tumour cells in the afferent popliteal lymph as seen in the Walker rat carcinoma. J Pathol 132: 287–305, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Carr I, Carr J, Dreher B: Lymphatic metastasis of mammary adenocarcinoma: an experimental study in the rat with a brief review of the literature. Invasion and metastasis (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Van de Velde CJH, Van Putten LM, Zwaveling A: A new metastasizing mammary carcinoma model in mice: model characteristics and applications. Eur J Cancer 13:555–565, 1977.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Van de Velde CJH, Van Putten LM, Zwaveling A: Effects of regional lymphadenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy on metastasis and survival in rodent tumour models. Eur J Cancer 13: 883–895, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Van de Velde CJH, Meyer CJLM, Cornelisse CJ, Van der Velde EA, Van Putten LM, Zwaveling A: A morphometric analysis of lymph node responses to tumors of different immunogenicity. Cancer Res 38:661–667, 1978.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Crile G, Jr: The effect of metastasis of removing or irradiating regional nodes of mice. Surg Gynecol Obstet 126:1270–1272, 1968.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Perez CA, Stewart CC, Palmer-Hanes LA, Powers WE: Role of the regional lymph nodes in the cure of a murine lymphosarcoma. Cancer 32:562–572, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Fisher B, Fisher ER: Transmigration of lymph nodes by tumor cells. Science 152:1397–1398, 1966.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Hewitt HB, Blake ER: Quantitative studies of translymphnodal passage of tumour cells naturally disseminated from a non-immunogenic murine squamous carcinoma. Br J Cancer 31:25–35, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hewitt HB, Blake ER: Further studies of the relationship between lymphatic dissemination and lymph nodal metastasis in non-immunogenic murine tumours. Br J Cancer 35:415–419, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kohno K, Tamaguchi T, Takahashi T: An experimental study of the spread of tumor cells through the lymph node. Tohoku J Exp Med 127:183–188, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Stoker TAM: The effect of cortisone therapy and limb exercise on the dissemination of cancer via the lymphatic system. Br J Cancer 23:132–135, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Stoker TAM: The effect of cortisone therapy and limb exercise on the retention of tumour cells by the regional lymph node. Br J Cancer 23:136–140, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Kodama T, Gotohda E, Takeichi N, Kuzumaki N, Kobayashi H: Histopathology of immunologic regression of tumor metastasis in the lymph nodes. J Natl Cancer Inst 52:931–939, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Zeidman I: Fate of circulating tumor cells. III. Comparison of metastatic growth produced by tumor cell emboli in veins and lymphatics. Cancer Res 25:324–327, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ludwig J, Titus JL: Experimental tumor cell emboli in lymph nodes. Arch Path 84:304–311, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Crile Jr G, Isbister W, Deodhar SD: Demonstration that large metastases in lymph nodes disseminate cancer cells to blood and lungs. Cancer 28:657, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Carter RL: General pathology of the metastatic process. In: Secondary spread of cancer, Baldwin RW (ed). London: Academic Press, 1978, pp 1–52.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Carter RL: Lymphoreticular reactions and the metastatic process. In: Secondary spread of cancer, Baldwin RW (ed). London: Academic Press, 1978, pp 53–72.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hanna Jr MG, Zbar B, Rapp HJ: Histopathology of tumor regression after intralesional injection of Mycobacterium bovis. I. Tumor growth and metastasis. J Natl Cancer Inst 48:1441–1455, 1972.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Zbar B, Bernstein ID, Bartlett GL, Hanna MG, Jr, Rapp HJ: Immunotherapy of cancer: regression of intradermal tumors and prevention of growth of lymph node metastases after intralesional injection of living Mycobacterium bovis. J Natl Cancer Inst 49:119–130, 1972.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Zbar B, Smith HG, Bast RC, Jr: Immunologic eradication of lymph node metastases. In: BCG in cancer immunotherapy, Lamoureux G, Turcotte R, Portelance (eds). New York: Grune and Stratton, 1976, pp 361–366.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Zbar G, Hunter JT, Rapp HJ, Canti GF: Immunotherapy of bilateral lymph node metastases in guinea pigs by intralesional or paralesional injection of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG). J Natl Cancer Inst 60:1163–1168, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Hanna MG, Jr, Peters LC: Specific immunotherapy of established visceral micrometastases by BCG-tumor cell vaccine alone or as an adjunct to surgery. Cancer 42:2613–2625, 1978.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Takazawa H, Shimizu S: An experimental model for lymphatic metastasis in rats. Gann 67:403–406.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Becker FF: Patterns of spontaneous metastasis of transplantable hepatocellular carcinomas. Cancer Res 38:163–167, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Bogden AE, Esber HJ, Taylor DJ, Gray JH: Comparative study on the effects of surgery, chemotherapy and immunotherapy alone and in combination, on metastases of the 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 34:1627–1631, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Sparks FC, O’Connell TX, Lee Y-T, N Breeding JH: Brief communications: BCG therapy given as an adjuvant to surgery: prevention of death from metastases from mammary adenocarcinoma in rats. J Natl Cancer Inst 53:1825–1826, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Kreider JW, Bartlett GL, Purnell DM: Suitability of rat mammary adenocarcinoma 13762 as a model for BCG immunotherapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 56:797–802, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Kreider JW, Bartlett GL, Purneil DM, Webb S: Immunotherapy of an established rat mammary adenocarcinoma (13762A) with intratumor injection of Corynebacterium parvum. Cancer Res 38:689–692, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Kreider JW, Bartlett GL, Purnell DM, Webb S: Destruction of regional lymph node metastases of rat mammary adenocarcinoma 13762A by treatment with Corynebacterium parvum. Cancer Res 38:4522–4526, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Nakamura T, Mine G, Okudaira Y, Yaita A, Sugimachi M, Ueo H, Natsuda Y, Inokuchi K: Mode of lymphatic metastasis in the esophageal cancer using VX2 carcinoma in rabbits. Nippon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi 26:656–662, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Pollard M, Luckert PH: Transplantable metastasizing prostate adenocarcinoma in rats. J Natl Cancer Inst 54:643–649, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Finlay-Jones JJ, Bartholomaeus WN, Fimmel PJ, Keast D, Stanley NF: Biologic and immunologic studies on a murine model of regional lymph node metastasis. J Natl Cancer Inst 64:1363–1372, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Hagmar B, Ryd W: Metastasis spread from syngeneic murine tumours. Establishment of a test protocol for comparisons between ascites tumours and their progenitors. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand (A) 86:231–239.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Kim U: Metastasizing mammary carcinomas in rats: Their induction and study of their immunogenicity. Science 167:72–74, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Kim U, Baumler A, Carruthers C, Bielat K: Immunological escape mechanisms in spontaneously metastasizing mammary tumors. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 72:1012–1016, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Herman PG, Kim C-S, de Sousa MAB, Mellins HZ: Microcirculation of the lymph node with metastases. Am J Pathol 85:333–348, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Butler TP, Grantham FH, Cullino PM: Bulk transfer of fluid in the interstitial compartment of mammary tumors. Cancer Res 35:3084–3088, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Liotta LA, Tryggvason K, Garbisa S, Hart I, Foltz CM, Shafie S: Metastatic potential correlates with enzymatic degradation of basement membrane collagen. Nature 284 (5751):67–68, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Fidler IJ, Kripke KL: Metastasis results from pre-existing variant cells within a malignant tumor. Science 197:893–895, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Fidler IJ, Hoover HC: Lymph node and visceral metastasis of cloned murine fibrosarcoma cell lines. In: Lymphatic system metastasis, Weiss L, Gilbert HA, Ballon SD (eds). Boston: G.K. Hall, 1980, pp 80–90.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Plotkin D: Chemotherapy of lymph node metastases: differential response. In: Lymphatic system metastasis, Weiss L, Gilbert HA, Ballon SC (eds). Boston: G.K. Hall, 1980, pp 200–209.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Kreidler JW, Bartlett GL, Purnell DM: Immunotherapy of post operative metastases of 13762A rat mammary adenocarcinoma. Comparative effectiveness of BCG substrains and methods of preparation. Cancer 46:500–507, 1980.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Moore JV, Dixon B: Metastasis of a transplantable mammary tumour in rats treated with cyclophosphamide and/or irradiation. Br J Cancer 36:221–226, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Takahashi T, Mizuno M, Fujita Y, Ueda S, Nishioka B, Majima S: Increased concentration of anticancer agents in regional lymph nodes by fat emulsions, with special reference to chemotherapy of metastasis. Gann 64:345–350, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Takahashi T, Ueda S, Kono K, Majima S: Attempt at local administration of anticancer agents in the form of fat emulsion. Cancer 38:1507–1514, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Takahashi T, Kono K, Yamaguchi T, Watanabe S, Majima S: Enhancement of chemotherapeutic effect on lymph node metastasis by anticancer agents in fat emulsion. Gann Monograph on Cancer Research 20:195–206, 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Bogden AE, Esber HJ: Influence of surgery, irradiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy on growth of a metastasizing rat mammary adenocarcinoma. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 49:97–100, 1978.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague/Boston/London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carr, I., Carr, J. (1982). Experimental models of lymphatic metastasis. In: Liotta, L.A., Hart, I.R. (eds) Tumor Invasion and Metastasis. Developments in Oncology, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7511-8_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7511-8_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-7513-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-7511-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics