Abstract
Zonally-averaged climate models (ZACMs) provide a bridge from one-dimensional models such as energy-balance and radiative-convective models to three-dimensional general circulation models. Each type of model in this hierarchy involves particular simplifications, assumptions, and complexities in its development. As a consequence, each type of model presents particular advantages and disadvantages in the investigation of questions of importance toward a better understanding of climate. While representation of the influence of horizontal eddies on the meridional climatic structure presents special difficulties for a ZACM, the inclusion of latitudinal and altitudinal variations, and the absence of synoptically-generated climatic variability, permit the investigation of a range of climatic perturbations in which the forcing function is relatively small, latitudinally limited, or transient.
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MacCracken, M.C., Ghan, S.J. (1988). Design and Use of Zonally-Averaged Climate Models. In: Schlesinger, M.E. (eds) Physically-Based Modelling and Simulation of Climate and Climatic Change. NATO ASI Series, vol 243. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3043-8_4
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