Abstract
A beam of light may be thought of as an oscillating electric field propagating through space. Matter is composed of electrically charged electrons and nuclei, which are affected by electric fields. Therefore, when a light beam encounters a material, its electric field interacts with the charged components of the matter, and the light beam is altered by this interaction. The type and magnitude of the interaction with the light can be used to probe the state of the matter. Application of optical techniques to deforming systems (“rheo-optics”) allows the measurement of components of the velocity vector and of the stress tensor.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
G. G. Fuller, “Optical Rheometry,” to be published in Annual Reviews of Fluid Mechanics(1990).
M. E. Mackay and D. V. Boger, “Flow Visualisation in Rheometry,” Chapter 14 in Rheological Measurement, A. A. Collyer and D. W. Clegg, eds., Elsevier, New York, 1988.
J. V. Lawler, S. J. Muller, R. A. Brown and R. C. Armstrong, J. Non-Newt. Fl. Mech.20: 51 (1986).
R. J. Binnington, G. J. Troup and D. V. Boger, J. Non-Newt. Fl. Mech.12: 255 (1983).
G. G. Fuller, J. M. Rallison, R. L. Schmidt and L. G. Leal, J. Fluid Mech.100: 555 (1980).
W. A. Shurcliff, Polarized Light, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1966.
A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Optical Waves in Crystals, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1984.
H. C. van de. Hulst, Light Scattering by Small Particles, Dover, New York, 1981.
M. Kerker, The Scattering of Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation, Academic Press, New York, 1969.
A. Onuki and M. Doi, J. Chem. Phys.85: 1190 (1986).
R. M. A. Azzam and N. M. Bashara, Ellipsometry and Polarized Light, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1977.
C. D. Han and L. H. Drexler, J. Applied Polymer Sci. 17:2329 and 2369 (1973).
P. L. Frattini and G. G. Fuller, J. Rheology28: 61 (1984).
G. G. Fuller and K. J. Mikkelsen, J. Rheology33: 761 (1989).
D. S. Pearson, A. D. Kiss, L. J. Fetters and M. Doi, J. Rheol.33: 517 (1989).
H. Janeschitz-Kriegl, Polymer Melt Rheology and Flow Birefringence, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1983.
D. W. Van Krevelen, Properties of Polymers, Table 10. 3, Elsevier, New York, 1976.
K. F. Wissbrun, J. Rheol.25: 619 (1981).
G. Kiss and R. S. Porter, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst.60: 267 (1980).
Y. Onogi, J. L. White and J. F. Fellers, J. Non-Newt. Fl. Mech.7: 121 (1980).
T. Asada, H. Muramatsu, R. Watanabe and S. Onogi, Macromolecules13: 867 (1980).
T. Matsumoto and D. C. Bogue, J. Polym. Sci., Polymer Phys. Ed.15: 1663 (1977).
M. Doi and S. F. Edwards, The Theory of Polymer Dynamics, Sections 4.7 and 7.2, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1986.
L. G. Leal and E. J. Hinch, Rheol. Acta11: 190 (1972).
G. G. Fuller and L. G. Leal, J. Non-Newt. Fl. Mech.8: 271 (1981).
G. Ryskin, J. Fluid Mech. 178:423 (1987);
G. Ryskin, Phys. Rev. Letters59: 2059 (1987).
J. M. Wiest and R. B. Bird, “On Coil-Stretch Transitions in Dilute Polymer Solutions,” Rheology Research Center Report RRC 116, University of Wisconsin-Madison, May 1988.
J. P. Tordella, “Unstable Flow of Molten Polymers,” Chapter 2 in Rheology, Vol. V, F. R. Eirich, ed, Academic Press, New York, 1969.
S. A. White and D. G. Baird, J. Non-Newt. Fl. Mech.29: 245 (1988).
M. R. Kamal and V. Tan, Polym. Eng. Sci.19: 558 (1979).
S. Anders, H. Schmid and K. Sommer, Kunststoffe 79: 55 (1989) (English text on page 20 of Translation section of German Plastics edition).
H. H. George, Polym. Eng. Sci.22: 292 (1982).
H. H. George, “Spinline Crystallization of Polyethylene Terephthalate,” Chapter 10 of High Speed Spinning, A. Ziabicki and H. Kawai, eds., Wiley, New York, 1985.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dealy, J.M., Wissbrun, K.F. (1999). Rheo-Optics and Molecular Orientation. In: Melt Rheology and Its Role in Plastics Processing. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2163-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2163-4_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-5886-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-2163-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive