Abstract
In the past decade, topics in data handling have begun to play a more prominent role in the mathematics curricula in many countries. In this chapter we note the historical roots of the current data handling (or data analysis) emphasis, point out some of the national reform efforts that have catalysed an interest in data handling, and discuss various data handling curricula. Special attention is given to the use of technology in teaching data handling, to the importance of professional development of teachers of data handling, and to some issues for research in the teaching and learning of data handling.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aberg-Bengtsson & Ottoson, T.: 1995, Children’s understanding of graphically represented quantitative information. Paper presented at the 6th Conference of the European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction, August, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Australian Education Council.: 1990, A National Statement on Mathematics for Australian schools, Curriculum Corporation, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Barbella, P., Kepner, J., & Schaeffer, R.L.: 1994, Exploring Measurement, Dale Seymour, Palo Alto, CA.
Batanero, C., Estepa, A., Green, D.R., & Godino, J.: 1996, Intuitive Strategies and Preconceptions about Association in Contingency Tables, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 27 (2), 151–169.
Becker, R.A., Cleveland, W.S. & Wilks, A.R.: 1987, Dynamic Graphics for Data Analysis, Statistical Science, 2, 355–395.
Bennett, A B., Maier, E., & Nelson, L.T.: 1986, Modelling Rationals, Unit IV, Math and the Mind’s Eye, The Math Learning Centre, Salem, OR.
Bennett, A. B., Maier, E., & Nelson, L.T.: 1991, Modelling Percentages & Ratios, Unit VII, Math and the Mind’s Eye, The Math Learning Centre, Salem, OR.
Benzecri, J.P.: 1983, Historie et prehistoric de l’analyse de données, Dunod, Paris.
Bertin, J.: 1983, Semiology of Graphics, translated by W. Berg & H. Wainer, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI.
Biehler, R. & Steinbring, H.: 1991, ‘Endeckende Statistik, Stengel-und-Blatter, Boxplots: Konzepte, Begrundungen und Erfahrungen eines Unterrichtswersuches’, Der Mathematikunterricht, 37, (6), 5–32.
Biehler, R. 1990: Changing Conceptions of Statistics: A Problem Area for teacher Education, In A. Hawkins (ed.) Training Teachers to Teach Statistics, Proceedings of the International Statistical Institute Round Table Conference, ISI, Voorburg, The Netherlands, 20–38.
Biehler, R.:1993, Software Tools and Mathematics Education: The Case for Statistics. In C. Keitel & K. Ruthven (eds.), Learning from Computers: Mathematics Education and Technology, NATO ASI Series F, Computers and Systems Sciences, 121, 68–100, Springer Verlag, Berlin.
Biehler, R.: 1994a Cognitive Technologies for Statistics Education: Relating the Perspective of Tools for Learning and of Tools for Doing Statistics. In L. Brunelli & G. Cicchitelli (eds.). Proceedings of the First Scientific Meeting of IASE. University of Perugia Press, 173–190.
Biehler, R. 1994b: Requirements for and Ideal Software Tool in Order to Support Learning and Doing Statistics. Paper presented at the Fourth International Conference on Teaching Statistics, Marrakech, Morocco.
Biehler, R.: 1994c, ‘Probabilistic Thinking, Statistical Reasoning, and the Search for Causes-So We Need a Probabilistic Revolution After We Have Taught Data Analysis?’ Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Teaching Statistics, Marrakesh, Morocco.
Biehler, R.: 1995, ‘Towards Requirements for More Adequate Software Tools that Support Both Learning and Doing Statistics’, Occasional Paper 157, Universitat Bielefeld, IDM, Bielefeld.
Blejec, A. 1994: Using Computers in Teaching Statistics: Is it Worthwhile? In L. Brunelli & G. Cicchitelli (eds.). Proceedings of the First Scientific Meeting of IASE. University of Perugia Press, 191–197.
Borovncik, M.: 1995, Exploratory Data Analysis. Paper presented at the 7th International Conference on Teaching Mathematics and its Applications, July, Belfast, UK.
Burrill, G., Burrill, J.C., Coffield, P., Davis, G., de Lange, J., Resnick, D., & Siegal, M.: 1992, Data Analysis and Statistics Across the Curriculum, Addenda Series Grades 9–12, Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics, The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Reston, VA.
Burrill, G.: 1994, Teaching Statistics: Guidelines for Elementary Through High School, Dale Seymour Publications, Palo Alto, CA.
Cabriá, S.: 1994, Filosofiá de la EstadÃstica, Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de València.
Carr, J., & Begg, A.: 1994, ‘Introducing Box and Whisker Plots’, In J. Garfield (ed.,) Research Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Teaching Statistics, Minneapolis, MN.
Centre for Statistical Education: 1975, The Schools Council Project, University of Sheffield, UK.
Clark, M.:1994, ‘Assessment issues in the teaching of statistics’. In J. Garfield (ed.) Research Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Teaching Statistics. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Cobb, G.: 1992, Report of the Joint ASA/MAA Committee on Undergraduate Statistics, In American Statistical Association 1992 Proceedings of the Section on Statistical Education, ASA, Alexandria, VA, 281–283.
Cobb, G.: 1993, ‘Reconsidering Statistics Education: A National Science Foundation Conference’, Journal of Statistics Education 1 (1),.
Cobb, G.: 1994, Workshops for Mathematicians Who Teach Statistics, paper presented at the Fourth International conference on Teaching Statistics, Marrakech, Morocco.
Cockcroft, W. H.:1982, Mathematics Counts, Report of the Committee of Inquiry into the Teaching of Mathematics in Schools, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.
Cohen, I.B.: 1984, Florence Nightingale, Scientific American, 250, 98–107.
COMAP.: The Consortium for Mathematics and its Applications, Lexington, MA.
Connected Mathematics Project: 1995, Dale Seymour Publications, Palo Alto, CA.
Corwin, R.B. & Friel, S. N.: 1990, Used Numbers: Prediction and Sampling, Dale Seymour, Palo Alto, CA.
Costigan-Eaves & Macdonald-Ross.:1990, William Plairfair (1759 – 1823), Statistical Science, 5, 318–326.
Curcio, F. R.:1987, Comprehension of Mathematical Relationships Expressed in Graphs, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 18, 382–393.
Curcio, F. R.: 1989, Developing Graph Comprehension, NCTM, Reston, VA.
de Lange, J., Verhage, H., Burrill, G., & van Reeuwijk, M.: 1992, Data Visualization, Wings for Learning, Scotts Valley, CA.
de Lange, J., Burrill, G., & Romberg, T.: 1993, Learning and Testing Mathematics in Context: The Case: Data Visualization, National Centre for Research in Mathematical Sciences Education, Madison, WI.
Dunkels, A.: 1992, Introducing Data Analysis in the Schools: Who Should Teach it and How?, Invited paper at the ISI Roundtable conference, Lennoxville, UK.
Dunkels, A.: 1994, Interweaving Numbers, Shapes, Statistics, and the Real World in Primary School and Primary Teacher Education, In D. F. Robitaille, D.H. Wheeler, & C. Kieran (eds.), Selected lectures from the 7th International Congress on Mathematical Education, Laval University Press, Sainte-Foy, Canada, 123–135.
Estepa, A. & Batanero, C.: 1994, Judgements of Association in Scatterplots: An Empirical study of Students’ Strategies and Preconceptions, Paper presented at the Fourth International Conference on Teaching Statistics, Marrakech, Morocco.
Feldman, A. & McWilliams, H.: 1995, Planning Guide for Network Science, TERC Communications, Cambridge, MA.
Finlay, E. & Lowe, I.: 1993, Chance and Data: Exploring Real Data, Curriculum Corporation, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Finzer, W., Erickson, T., & Jackiw, N. (in progress): DataSpace, Key Curriculum, Berkeley, CA.
Forbes, S.:1994, ‘Assessing statistics learning’, In J. Garfield (ed.), Research Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Teaching Statistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Foreman, L.C, & Bennett, A. B.: 1995, Visual Mathematics, The Math Learning Centre, Salem, OR.
Friel, S. N., Mokros, J. R., & Russell, S.J.: 1992, Used Numbers: Middles, Means, and In-Betweens, Dale Seymour, Palo Alto, CA.
Garfield, J. B. & Ahlgren, A.: 1988, ‘Difficulties in Learning Basic Concepts in Probability and Statistics: Implications for Research’, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 19, (1), 44–63.
Garfield, J.B. 1990 (ed): Technology and Data: Models and Analysis. Report of the Working Group on Technology and Statistics, NCRMSE, Madison, Wisconsin.
Garfield, J.: 1993, ‘An Authentic Assessment of Students’ Statistical Knowledge’, in National Council of Teachers of Mathematics 1993 Yearbook: Assessment in the Mathematics Classroom, N. Webb (ed.), NCTM, Reston, VA, 187–196.
Garfield, J.: 1994, Evaluation of the STATS Project. Minneapolis, MN.
Gnanadesikan, M. Scheaffer, R.L, & Swift, J.: 1987, The Art and Technique of Simulation, Dale Seymour, Palo Alto, CA.
Graham, A.: 1989, Statistical investigations in the secondary school. In B. Greer and G. Mulhern (eds.), New Directions in Mathematics Education, Routledge, London, 149–164.
Grant, J. P.: 1992, The State of the World’s Children, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
Graunt, J.: 1662, Natural and Political Observations Mentioned in a Following Index, and Made upon the Bills of Mortality.: John Martyn & James Allestry, London.
Greer, B. & Ritson, R.: 1993, Teaching Data Handling within the Northern Ireland Mathematics Curriculum, Northern Ireland Curriculum Council, Stranmillis College, Belfast.
Greer, B., Yamin-Ali, M., Boyd, C., Boyle, V., & Fitzpatrick, M.: 1994, Handling Information, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
Greer, B., Yamin-Ali, M., Boyd, C., Boyle, V., Fitzpatrick, M., & Ritson, I.: 1995a, Euro Focus, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
Greer, B., Yamin-Ali, M., Boyd, C., Boyle, V., Fitzpatrick, M., & Ritson, I.: 1995b, Time Out, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
Hacking, I.: 1990, The Taming of Chance., Cambridge University Press Cambridge.
Hancock, C., Kaput, J., & Goldsmith, L.: 1992, ‘Authentic Inquiry with Data: Critical Barriers to Classroom Implementation’, Educational Psychologist 27 (3), 337–364.
Hand, D.J., Daly, F., Lunn, A.D. (eds): 1994, Handbook of Small Data Sets, Chapman & Hall, London.
Hawkins, A. & Kapadia, R.: 1984, ‘Children’s Conceptions of Probability: A Psychological and Pedagogical Review, Educational Studies in Mathematics, 15, 349–377.
Hawkins, A.: 1990, Training Teachers to Teach Statistics: Proceedings of the International Statistical Institute Round Table Conference, Voorburg, International Statistical Institute, The Netherlands.
Hawkins, A., Jolliffe, F., & Glickman, L.: 1992, Teaching Statistical Concepts, Longman Group UK Limited, Harlow, Essex, England.
Investigations in Number, Data, & Space: 1995, Dale Seymour Publications, Palo Alto, CA.
Iverson, G.R.: 1992, Mathematics and Statistics: An Uneasy Marriage, In Fl Gordon & S. Gordon (eds.), Statistics for the Twenty-First Century, 37–44, Mathematical Association of America, Washington, DC.
Jolliffe, F.: 1991, ‘Assessment of the Understanding of Statistical Concepts’, in D. Vere-Jones (ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Teaching Statistics, Vol. 1, Otago University Press, Otago, NZ, 461–466.
Kader, G. & Perry, M.: 1994, ‘Learning Statistics with Technology,’ Mathematics Teaching in Middle School 1 (2), 130–136.
Kapadia, R.: 1982, A Practical Approach to Statistics, In D.R. Grey, P. Holmes, V. Barnett, & G.M. Constable (eds.), Proceedings of the First International Conference on Teaching Statistics, Teaching Statistics Trust, Sheffield, U.K., 169–178.
Kaput, J.J.: 1992, Technology and Mathematics Education, In D. Grouws (ed.), Handbook of Research on Mathematics Teaching and Learning, 515–556, Macmillan, New York.
Konold, C. & Miller, C: 1994, Data Scope.: Intellimation, Santa Barbara, CA.
Landwehr, J. M., & Watkins, A. E.: 1986, Exploring Data, The Quantitative Literacy Series, Dale Seymour Publications, Palo Alto.
Landwehr, J. M., Watkins, A.E., and Swift, J.: 1987, Exploring Surveys: Information from Samples, Dale Seymour, Palo Alto, CA.
Landwehr, J. M.: 1989, A Reaction to ‘Alternative Conceptions of Probability: Implications for Research, Teaching, and Curriculum’, Symposium Conducted at the 11th Annual Meeting of the North American Chapter of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME-NA), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ.
Lesh, R., & Lamon, S.:1992, Assessment of Authentic Performance in School Mathematics, AAAS, Washington, DC.
Lock, R.H.: 1993. ‘A Comparison of Five Student Versions of Statistics Packages’, The American Statistician 47 (2), 136–145.
LOGSE: 1990, Ley de Ordenación General del Sistema Educativo, Madrid, Spain.
Lipson, K.:1994, ‘Assessing understanding in statistics’, In J. Garfield (ed.) Research Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Teaching Statistics, University of Minnesota, Mpls, MN.
Lovitt, C. & Lowe, I.: 1993, Chance and Data: Investigations (Vols, 1, 2). Curriculum Corporation, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Mathematics Resource Project: 1977, Statistics and Information Organization, Dale Seymour Publications, Palo Alto, CA.
Mathematical Sciences Education Board (MSEB).: 1993, Measuring What Counts: A Conceptual Guide for Mathematical Assessment, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
Mevarech, Z.: 1983, ‘A Deep Structure Model of Students’ Statistical Misconceptions’, Educational Studies in Mathematics, 14, 415–429.
Moore, David.: 1990, ‘Uncertainty’., in L. Steen (ed.), On the Shoulders of Giants, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 95–137.
Moore, D. S.: 1992, ‘Teaching Statistics as a Respectable Subject’, in F. Gordon and S. Gordon (eds.), Statistics for the Twenty-First Century, MAA Notes, Number 26, The Mathematical Association of America, Washington DC., 14–25.
Mosteller, F., Kruskal, W.H., Pieters, R.S., Rising, G.R., Link, R.F., & Zelinka, M.: 1973, Statistics by Example, Addison-Wesley, Menlo Park, CA.
National Centre for Research in Mathematical Sciences Education & The Freudenthal Institute (eds.): in press, Mathematics in Context, NCRMSE, Madison, WI.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.: 1981, Teaching Statistics and Probability, NCTM, Reston, VA.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.: 1989, Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics, NCTM, Reston, VA.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.: 1995, Assessment Standards for School Mathematics, NCTM, Reston, VA.
Newman, C. M., Obremski, T. E., & Schaeffer, R. L.: 1986, Exploring Probability, Dale Seymour, Palo Alto, CA.
Paulos, J.A.:1988, Innumeracy, Penguin, London.
Paulos, J.A., 1995, A Mathematician Reads the Newspaper, Basic Books, New York.
Pereira-Mendoza, L.: 1993, Introducing Data Analysis in the Schools: Who Should Teach It and How? Proceedings of the International Statistical Institute Round Table Conference, International Statistical Institute, Voorburg, The Netherlands.
Pereira-Mendoza, L.: 1995, Graphing in the Primary School: Algorithm versus Comprehension, Teaching Statistics, 17, 2–6.
Pereira-Mendoza L. & Dunkels, A.: 1989, Stem-and-Leaf Plots in the Primary Grades, Teaching Statistics, 11, 34–37.
Pereira-Mendoza, L. & Mellor, J.: 1991, Students’ concepts of Bar Graphs — some Preliminary Findings. In D. Vere-Jones (ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Teaching Statistics, Vol I: School and General Issues, International Statistics Institute, Voorburg, The Netherlands, 150–157.
Pollatsek, A., Lima, S., & Well, A.D.: 1981, ‘Concept or Computation: Students’ Understanding of the Mean, Educational Studies in Mathematics, 12, 191–204.
Romberg, T. (ed): 1992, Mathematics Assessment and Evaluation: Imperatives for Mathematics Education, State University of New York Press, Albany, NY.
Rossman, A.: 1996, Workshop Statistics, Springer-Verlag.
Rubin, A.D.: 1991, Using Computers in Teaching Statistical Analysis: A Double-Edged Sword. Paper presented at the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC.
Russell, S.J. & Corwin, R.B.: 1989, Used Numbers: The Shape of the Data, Dale Seymour, Palo Alto, CA.
Ryan, B. & Joiner, B.:1994, Minitab Handbook, Duxbury Press, Belmont, CA.
Seeing and Thinking Mathematically: 1995, Educational Development Centre, Boston, MA.
Snell J.L. (1995) The Internet: A New Dimension to Teaching Statistics. The American Statistician.
Shaughnessy, J. M.: 1992, ‘Research in Probability and Statistics: Reflections and Directions’, in D. Grouws (ed.), Handbook of Research on Mathematics Teaching and Learning, Mac-Millan Publishing, New York, NY, 465–494.
Shaughnessy, J. M. & Arcidiacono, M.J.: 1993a, Visual Encounters with Chance, Unit VIII, Math and the Mind’s Eye, The Math Learning Centre, Salem, OR.
Shaughnessy, J. M. & Bergman, B.: 1993b, ‘Thinking about Uncertainty: Probability & Statistics’, in P. Wilson (ed.), Research Ideas for the Classroom. High School Mathematics, MacMillan Publishing Company, New York, NY.
Statistics Workshop.: 1995, Wings for Learning Software, Scotts Valley, CA.
Table-Top Jr.: 1995, Technical Education Research Centre (TERC), Cambridge, MA & Broderbund Software, Novato, CA.
Teach-STAT.: 1996a, Teach - STAT. Teaching Statistics Grades 1–6: A Key for Better Mathematics, The University of North Carolina, Mathematics and Science Education Network, Dale Seymour Publications, Palo Alto, CA.
Teach-STAT.: 1996b, Teach - STAT for Statistics Educators, The University of North Carolina, Mathematics and Science Education Network, Dale Seymour Publications, Palo Alto, CA.
Tufte, E.R.: 1983, The Visual display of Quantitative Information, Graphics Press, Cheshire, CT.
Tukey, J.: 1977, Exploratory Data Analysis, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
Tversky, A. & Kahneman, D.: 1971, ‘Belief in the Law of Small Numbers’, Psychological Bulletin, 76, 105–110.
Vellman, P.: 1993, Learning Data Analysis with Data Desk, Freeman and Company.
Wainer, H.: 1990, Graphical visions from William Playfair to John Tukey, Statistical Science, 5, 340–346.
Watkins, A., Burrill, G., Landwehr, J.M., & Scheaffer, R.L.: 1992, ‘Remedial Statistics?: The Implications for Colleges of the Changing Secondary School Curriculum’, in F. Gordon and S. Gordon (eds.), Statistics for the Twenty-First Century, MAA Notes, Number 26, The Mathematical Association of America, 45–55.
Watson, J.: 1994, ‘Instruments to assess statistics concepts in the school curriculum’, In J. Garfield (ed.), Research Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Teaching Statistics, University of Minnesota, Mpls, MN.
Watson, J.: 1995, Personal communication.
Zawojewski, J. S.: 1991, Dealing with Data and Chance, NCTM Addenda Series Grades 5–8, Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics, NCTM, Reston, VA.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Shaughnessy, J.M., Garfield, J., Greer, B. (1996). Data Handling. In: Bishop, A.J., Clements, K., Keitel, C., Kilpatrick, J., Laborde, C. (eds) International Handbook of Mathematics Education. Kluwer International Handbooks of Education, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1465-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1465-0_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7155-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1465-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive