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Preclinical Animal Models for Segmental Bone Defect Research and Tissue Engineering

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Regenerative Medicine

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Abstract

Commonly applied therapies to achieve bone reconstruction or function are restricted to the transplantation of autografts and allografts, or the implantation of metal devices or ceramic-based implants. Bone grafts generally possess osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. They are, however, limited in access and availability and harvest is associated with donor site morbidity, hemorrhage, risk of infection, insufficient transplant integration, and graft devitalisation. As a result, recent research focuses on the development of alternative therapeutic concepts. Available literature indicates that bone regeneration has become a focus area in the field of tissue engineering. Hence, a considerable number of research groups and commercial entities work on the development of tissue engineered constructs to aid bone regeneration. However, bench to bedside translations are still infrequent as the process towards approval by regulatory bodies is protracted and cost-intensive. Approval requires both comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies necessitating the utilisation of large preclinical animal models. Consequently, to allow comparison between different studies and their outcomes, it is essential to standardize animal models, fixation devices, surgical procedures and methods of taking measurements to produce reliable data pools as a base for further research directions. The following chapter reviews animal models of the weight-bearing lower extremity utilized in the field, which include representations of fracture-healing, segmental bone defects, and fracture non-unions.

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  1. Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia

    Johannes C. Reichert M.D., Ph.D., Arne Berner M.D., Siamak Saifzadeh DVM., Ph.D. & Dietmar W. Hutmacher Ph.D., M.B.A., M.Sc.

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  1. Johannes C. Reichert M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. Arne Berner M.D.
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  3. Siamak Saifzadeh DVM., Ph.D.
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  4. Dietmar W. Hutmacher Ph.D., M.B.A., M.Sc.
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Correspondence to Dietmar W. Hutmacher Ph.D., M.B.A., M.Sc. .

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Herzchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Rostock, Schillingallee 35, Rostock, 18057, Germany

    Gustav Steinhoff

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Reichert, J.C., Berner, A., Saifzadeh, S., Hutmacher, D.W. (2013). Preclinical Animal Models for Segmental Bone Defect Research and Tissue Engineering. In: Steinhoff, G. (eds) Regenerative Medicine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5690-8_40

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