Gene Modification of Pharmic Plant Germplasm Resources

Abstract

Germplasm resources refer to the basic materials for selecting and cultivating new species, which include propagating materials of cultivated species and wild species from different plants and genetic materials of various plants artificially created based on the propagating materials above. Pharmic plant germplasm resources are mainly composed of all of the pharmic genetic resources from pharmic plant. According to origin of germplasm resources, pharmic plant can be divided into four categories: local germplasm resources, foreign germplasm resources, wildlife resources, and artificially created germplasm resources. According to genetic relationship, pharmic plant is divided into primary gene pool (Gp-1), secondary gene pool (Gp-2), and tertiary gene pool (Gp-3), while based on the scope of the study area, it can be divided into regional and single type of germplasm resources.

Study on germplasm resources mainly includes the species of wild pharmic plant (including variants), the type of cultivation of medicinal plants, the formation of the species or strains, etc. Besides, photograph and record about their morphological characteristics, biology, medicinal organs, medicinal value, other economic value, etc., should be taken down. Germplasm resources collection refers to the intentional collection of germplasm resources. The purpose of preservation of germplasm resources is for sustainable use of genetic resources. The stored germplasm resources should have the original viability, genetic variation degrees, and the amount of samples maintained.

The evaluation of germplasm includes species identification of germplasm, genetic diversity analysis, and the determination of genetic relationship.

Molecular marker-assisted selection is a modern breeding technology which uses the DNA marker linking closely with target property to select the target property indirectly. The research includes the genetic map of pharmic plant germplasm resources, bulked segregant analysis, and mark for important agronomic traits genes.