Abstract
The study explores the development of gender rights in Latin America’s legal and educational fields from the 1980s –when the previous legal frameworks were first implemented– to the late 2000s, when Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay reformed their educational laws. In a relatively small number of years, Argentina (2006), Chile (2009) and Uruguay (2008) changed their national education legislation, including gender as a relevant element of the law for the first time. The investigation analyzes, from a poststructuralist perspective, the situation that “suddenly” brought gender to the forefront as a major issue for educational policy in the southern part of Latin America. The chapter describes how gender was able to emerge as a category only when three elements – a set of powerful institutions represented by international organizations, a vast corpus of knowledge attached with a salvific rhetoric, and a set of local experts represented by women’s non-governmental organizations – were able to construct a language about gender that compelled national stakeholders to include gender rights in their educational national laws.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Translations of the Laws are mine.
References
Alvarez, S. E. (1999). Advocating feminism: The Latin American Feminist NGO ‘Boom’. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 2(1), 181–209.
Alvarez, S. E., Friedman, E. J., Beckman, E., Blackwell, M., Chinchilla, N. S., Lebon, N., Navarro, M., & Tobar, M. R. (2003, January 1). Encountering Latin American and Caribbean feminisms. Signs, 28(2), 537–579.
Foucault, M., & Collège de France. (2008). The birth of biopolitics: Lectures at the Collège De France, 1978–79. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hacking, I. (2006, August 17). Making up people. London Review of Books. p. 23–26.
IDA and Gender: Working Toward Greater Equality. (2009). Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/IDA/Resources/IDA-Gender.pdf
Implications of World Development Report. (2012). Gender equality and development for the World Bank group (2011). Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DEVCOMMINT/Documentation/23004019/DC2011-0011%28E%29WDR2012_Gender.pdf
Kirkwood, J. (1990). Ser Política En Chile: Los Nudos De La Sabiduría Feminista (2nd ed.). Santiago: Editorial Cuarto Propio.
Lebon, N. (1993). The Brazilian Feminist movement in the post-constitutional era: Assessing the impact of the rise of Feminist non-governmental organizations. Florida Journal of Anthropology, 18, 17–26.
Lebon, N. (1998). The labor of love and bread: Volunteer and professionalized activism in the São Paulo women’s health movement. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Florida.
Miller, F. (1991). Latin American women and the search for social justice. Hanover: University Press of New England.
Nelson, S. (1996, January 1). Constructing and negotiating gender in women’s police stations in Brazil. Latin American Perspectives, 23(1), 131–148.
OECD. (2012). Final report MCM, gender equality in education, employment and entrepreneurship (2012). Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/els/family/50423364.pdf
Popkewitz, T. S. (1997, March). The production of reason and power: Curriculum history and intellectual traditions. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 29(2), 131–164. doi:10.1080/002202797184107.
Popkewitz, T. S. (1998). The culture of redemption and the administration of freedom as research. Review of Educational Research, 68(1), 1–34. doi:10.2307/1170688.
Popkewitz, T. S. (2005). Inventing the modern self and John Dewey: Modernities and the travelling of pragmatism in education. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Sabatier, P. (1991). Towards a better theory of policy process. PS: Political Science and Politics, 24(2), 147–156.
Scott, J. W. (1988). Gender and the politics of history (Gender and culture). New York: Columbia University Press.
Suárez, D. F., Ramirez, F. O., & Koo, J.-W. (2009, July 1). UNESCO and the associated schools project: Symbolic affirmation of world community, international understanding, and human rights. Sociology of Education, 82(3), 197–216.
The National Chilean General Law of Education 20,370 (2009).
The National Federal Law of Education of Argentina 24,195 (1995).
The National Law of Education, Argentina 26,206 (2006).
The National Law of Emergency for Teaching 15,739 (1985).
The National Law of General Education of Uruguay 18,437 (2008).
The National Organic Constitutional Law of Education 18,962 (1990).
True, J., & Mintrom, M. (2001, March 1). Transnational networks and policy diffusion: The case of gender mainstreaming. International Studies Quarterly, 45(1), 27–57.
UNESCO. (n/a). Gender equality division. Retrieved from website http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/themes/gender-equality/about-us/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gomez Caride, E. (2015). Education and Gender Rights in Latin America. In: Brown, C. (eds) Globalization, International Education Policy and Local Policy Formation. Policy Implications of Research in Education, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4165-2_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4165-2_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-4164-5
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-4165-2
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawEducation (R0)