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Genome-wide Molecular Approaches in Plants: From Structure to Function

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Plant Breeding

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Abstract

Advent of technologies capable of creating ‘genome map’ even without knowledge of the phenotype or a product of a gene has tremendously improved our capability to comprehend genomes. Large fragments of DNA (> 100 kb) can be cloned in YAC (yeast artificial chromosome), BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) and PAC (PI-derived artificial chromosome) vectors, which can be aligned to chromosomes with the help of DNA markers. Clones of contigs can be used to prepare shotgun sub-clones to generate sequence of the entire genome of organisms. Such an approach has been successfully used for Arabidopsis genome sequencing, and the International Rice Genome Sequencing Programme has also adopted the same strategy. Another approach involves sequencing the shotgun clones of the entire genome, which can then be assembled by computation. Simultaneously, progress is being made in the functional genomics of plants with more than a million ESTs (expressed sequence tags) available in databases and expression chips representing thousands of genes being put to test. The challenge for the future would be to define the function of genes and give them a place in the regulatory network of the cell. Gene knockouts and gene tags would prove to be of significant value as also computational biology. These developments should eventually pave the way not only for discovery of novel genes but also help in precision breeding.

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  1. University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110 021, India

    Akhilesh K. Tyagi, J. P. Khurana, P. Khurana, A. Mohanty & A. K. Bharti

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  1. Akhilesh K. Tyagi
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  2. J. P. Khurana
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H K Jain M C Kharkwal

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Tyagi, A.K., Khurana, J.P., Khurana, P., Mohanty, A., Bharti, A.K. (2004). Genome-wide Molecular Approaches in Plants: From Structure to Function. In: Jain, H.K., Kharkwal, M.C. (eds) Plant Breeding. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1040-5_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1040-5_12

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