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Cardiovascular Biology of the A3 Adenosine Receptor

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A3 Adenosine Receptors from Cell Biology to Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Abstract

The goal of this chapter is to review current theories regarding the potential involvement of the A3 receptor in mediating the actions of adenosine in the cardiovascular system. The Gi protein-coupled A3 adenosine receptor is the last adenosine receptor subtype to be discovered and remains poorly characterized in terms of its molecular biology and biological functions. Recent evidence suggests that the A3 receptor may mediate the actions of adenosine to regulate vascular tone and angiogenesis, either directly or indirectly by stimulating the release of mediators from mast cells. Substantial evidence has accumulated to suggest that the A3 receptor is responsible for some of the beneficial effects of adenosine in reducing injury caused by ischemia and reperfusion. Readers are reminded that the A3 receptor has proven to be the most difficult adenosine receptor subtype to research due to its unique pharmacological properties and unusual species differences in terms of its pharmacology, tissue expression, and biological function. The theories described in this chapter remain controversial and require additional verification as new tools become available to study this fascinating member of the adenosine receptor family.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Note that A3 adenosine receptor agonists produce hypotension in rodents due to the actions of vasoactive mediators released from mast cells. This topic is discussed further in later sections of the book chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Heart Foundation Research Center, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia

    John P. Headrick & Jason N. Peart

  2. Departments of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Tina C. Wan, Wai-Meng Kwok & John A. Auchampach

  3. Departments of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Wai-Meng Kwok

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  1. John P. Headrick
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  2. Jason N. Peart
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  3. Tina C. Wan
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  5. John A. Auchampach
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  1. Ist. Farmacologia, Universita Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64 B, Ferrara, 44100, Italy

    Pier Andrea Borea

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Headrick, J.P., Peart, J.N., Wan, T.C., Kwok, WM., Auchampach, J.A. (2010). Cardiovascular Biology of the A3 Adenosine Receptor. In: Borea, P. (eds) A3 Adenosine Receptors from Cell Biology to Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3144-0_10

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