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Atypical Rho Family Members

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Ras Superfamily Small G Proteins: Biology and Mechanisms 1

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Abstract

Of the 20 Rho GTP-binding proteins in humans, 8 have atypical properties, which are also unusual within the Ras superfamily. These atypical proteins fall into four subfamilies: RhoU/RhoV, Rnd1/Rnd2/Rnd3, RhoH and RhoBTB1/RhoBTB2. These proteins are known or predicted to be predominantly GTP-bound in cells, because of changes in their ability to exchange GDP for GTP or to hydrolyse GTP. Apart from RhoH, they also have N-terminal and C-terminal extensions that give them unique interacting partners and functions. For example, RhoU can bind SH3 domain-containing proteins, Rnd proteins can bind to 14-3-3 proteins, and RhoBTB proteins can interact via their BTB domains with cullin-3, which is involved in proteasomal degradation. The proteins have been implicated in diverse functions, including cell adhesion and migration, vesicle trafficking and cell proliferation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House, Guy’s Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK

    Barbara Borda-d’Agua & Anne J. Ridley

  2. Institut Curie - Membrane and Cytoskeleton Dynamics, CNRS UMR 144, 75005, Paris, France

    Elvira Infante

  3. Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK

    Philippe Riou

  4. Division of Cancer Studies, King’s College London, Thomas Guy House, Guy’s Campus, London, SE1 9RT, UK

    Virginia Tajadura

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  1. Barbara Borda-d’Agua
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  2. Elvira Infante
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  3. Philippe Riou
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  4. Virginia Tajadura
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  5. Anne J. Ridley
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Correspondence to Anne J. Ridley .

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  1. Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Alfred Wittinghofer

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Borda-d’Agua, B., Infante, E., Riou, P., Tajadura, V., Ridley, A.J. (2014). Atypical Rho Family Members. In: Wittinghofer, A. (eds) Ras Superfamily Small G Proteins: Biology and Mechanisms 1. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1806-1_15

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