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Clonorchiasis and Opisthorchiasis

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Helminth Infections and their Impact on Global Public Health

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Abstract

Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis are helminthic diseases caused by the liver flukes Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis felineus, and Opisthorchis viverrini, respectively. Humans acquire these trematode infections by consuming raw or partially cooked freshwater fish infected with the larval stage metacercariae. More than 45 million people have been estimated to be infected. These infections are prevalent in developing countries and are closely linked to poverty, pollution, and population growth, as well as to cultural food habits and tradition. However, people living in industrialized countries are not exempted to acquire these pathogens due to an increasing consumption of raw fish. Near one third of infected persons are asymptomatic. Besides being the etiological agents of helminthic diseases, C. sinensis and O. viverrini have been classified as class I carcinogens, since they are the causative agents of cholangiocarcinoma in chronically infected people. The drug of choice is praziquantel. Health education and implementation of food safety measures can prevent infections and morbidity.

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  1. Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy

    Edoardo Pozio & Maria Angeles Gomez-Morales

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  1. Edoardo Pozio
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  2. Maria Angeles Gomez-Morales
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Correspondence to Edoardo Pozio .

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  1. Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Fabrizio Bruschi

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Pozio, E., Gomez-Morales, M.A. (2014). Clonorchiasis and Opisthorchiasis. In: Bruschi, F. (eds) Helminth Infections and their Impact on Global Public Health. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1782-8_5

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