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Wohlfahrtssysteme, Besteuerung und die Ansiedlungsentscheidung von MigrantInnen in der Europäischen Union

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Gesundheits- und Sozialpolitik im Diskurs

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Zusammenfassung

MigrantInnen zählen zu den Gruppen, deren Beschäftigung am stärksten auf makroökonomische Fluktuationen reagiert. Arai und Vilehelmsson (2004) Dustmann et al. (2010) Green und Winters (2010) sowie die OECD (2010) finden etwa eine höhere Reagibilität der Beschäftigungs- und Arbeitslosigkeitsniveaus auf wirtschaftliche Fluktuationen für MigrantInnen (selbst nach Kontrolle für individuelle Charakteristika und Unterschiede in den Qualifikationsniveaus) im Vergleich zu einheimischen Arbeitskräften. Obwohl diese zum Teil durch Unterschiede in der Berufs- bzw. Branchenwahl zwischen MigrantInnen und einheimischen Arbeitskräften erklärt werden kann, werden MigrantInnen auch aufgrund eines höheren Anteils an kurzfristigen Arbeitsverträgen, kürzerer Verweildauer beim gegenwärtigen Arbeitgeber oder aufgrund selektiver Entlassungen von ökonomischen Schocks härter getroffen (OECD 2010). Es kann daher erwartet werden, dass MigrantInnen ceteris paribus eher Länder mit stärker ausgeprägtem Wohlfahrtssystem präferieren, um sich gegen Arbeitsmarktfluktuationen abzusichern und daher bevorzugt Länder mit generöserem Wohlfahrtssystem als Migrationsziel wählen („Welfare Magnet“-Hypothese, Borjas 1999a).

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  1. Klaus Nowotny
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Wirtschaftstheorie, -politik und -geschichte, Universität Innsbruck, Universitätsstraße 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich

    Josef Nussbaumer

  2. Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre, Universität Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Österreich

    Gerald Pruckner

  3. Institut für Finanzwissenschaft, Universität Innsbruck, Universitätsstraße 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich

    Rupert Sausgruber

  4. Fachbereich für Sozial- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg, Kapitelgasse 5-7, 5010, Salzburg, Österreich

    Hannes Winner

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Nowotny, K. (2011). Wohlfahrtssysteme, Besteuerung und die Ansiedlungsentscheidung von MigrantInnen in der Europäischen Union. In: Nussbaumer, J., Pruckner, G., Sausgruber, R., Winner, H. (eds) Gesundheits- und Sozialpolitik im Diskurs. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0554-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0554-2_3

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