Zusammenfassung
Alle Kriege unterscheiden sich voneinander in ihrer Ursache, ihrem Verlauf und ihrem Resultat. Diese Abweichungen sind das Ergebnis von Unterschieden in örtlicher Geschichte und Weltpolitik, wirtschaftlichen Bedingungen, individuellen Zielsetzungen und in der Form und der Qualität der Regierung. Der Kampf um Entkolonialisierung und der Kalte Krieg sorgten allerdings dafür, dass viele Analysen sich auf externe und ideologische Faktoren konzentrierten. In dieser Hinsicht sind die 90er Jahre von einem fundamentalen Wandel der Kriegsanalyse gekennzeichnet, da örtliche und globale sowie apolitische Faktoren — bedingt durch externe Einflüsse, wie zum Beispiel die Globalisierung und Liberalisierung der Märkte — mehr Aufmerksamkeit erhielten.
Überarbeitete Fassung eines im medico-Report 24: Ungeheuer ist nur das Normale. Zur Ökonomie der „neuen“ Kriege, Frankfurt a.M. 2002, unter dem Titel „Risiko Ressourcenreichtum“ erschienen Beitrags. Wir danken Anne Jung von medico und dem Autor für die Erlaubnis des Abdrucks und Kersten Horn für die Übersetzung. (Anm. des Hg.)
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Atkinson, P. (1997): The War Economy in Liberia: a Political Analysis, Relief and Rehabilitation Network, Overseas Development Institute, London.
Auty, R. (Hg.) (2001): Resource Abundance and Economic Development,Oxford.
Balancie, J.-M./de La Grange, A. (1999): Mondes Rebelles: Guerres Civiles et Violences Politiques,Paris.
Bates, R. H. (1981): Markets and States in Tropical Africa: the Political Basis of Agricultural Policies,Berkeley CA.
Berdal, M./Malone, D. (Hg.) (2000): Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars,Boulder CO.
Boge, V. (1998): Mining, Environmental Degradation and War: The Bougainville Case, in: M. Suliman (Hg.): Ecology, Politics and Violent Conflict, London, 211–228.
Bojicic, V./Kaldor, M. (1997): The Political Economy of the War in Bosnia-Hercegovina, in: Kaldor, M.Nashee, B. (Hg.): Restructuring the Global Military Sector Vol. 1, London, 137–176.
Cilliers, J./Mason, P. (Hg.) (1999) Profits or Plunder? The Privatisation of Security in War-torn African Societies, Institute for Strategic Studies, Pretoria.
Collier, P. (2000): Economic Causes of Civil Conflict and Their Implications for Policy, World Bank, Washington DC.
Dietrich, C. (2000): The Commercialisation of Military Deployment in Africa, in: African Security Review 9 (1).
de Soysa, I. (2000): The Resource Curse: Are Civil Wars Driven by Rapacity or Paucity?, in: Berdal, M./Malone, D. (Hg.): Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars, Boulder CO.
Fairhead, J. (2000): The Conflict over Natural and Environmental Resources, in: Wayne, E. W./Stewart, F./Vayrynen, R. (Hg.): The Origins of Humanitarian Emergencies: War and Displacement in Developing Countries, Oxford.
Global Witness (1999a): A Rough Trade. The Role of Companies and Governments in the Angolan Conflict,London.
Global Witness (1999b): A Crude Awakening, The Role of the Oil and Banking Industries in Angola’s Civil War and the Plunder of State Assets,London.
Hartwick, E. (1998): Geographies of Consumption: a Commodity-chain Approach, in: Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 16, 423–437.
Homer-Dixon, T. (1999): Environment, Scarcity and Violence,Princeton NJ. Jean, F./Ruffin, J.-F. (1996): Economie des Guerres Civiles,Paris.
Kaldor, M. (1999): New and Old wars. Organized Violence in a Global Era,Cambridge.
Kandeh, J. D. (1999): Ransoming the State: Elite Origins of Subaltern Terror in Sierra Leone, in: Review of African Political Economy 81, 349–66.
Karl, T. L. (1997): The paradox of plenty: oil booms, Venezuela, and other petrostates,Berkeley CA.
Keen, D. (1994): The benefits of famine: a political economy of famine and relief in Southwestern Sudan, 1983–1989,Princeton NJ.
Keen, D. (1998): The Economic Functions of Violence in Civil Wars,Oxford.
Le Billon, P. (1999): Power is Consuming the Forest. The Political Ecology of Conflict and Reconstruction in Cambodia, unpublished PhD dissertation, School of Geography, Oxford.
Le Billon, P. (2000a): The Political Economy of War: An Annotated Bibliography, in: HPG report 1,Overseas Development Institute, London — http://www.odi.org.uk/hpg/ warecons
Le Billon, P. (2000b): The Political Economy of War: What Relief Agencies Need to Know, in: HPN Network Paper 33, Overseas Development Institute, London.
Le Billon, P. (2000c): The Political Economy of Transition in Cambodia 1989–1999: War, Peace and Forest Exploitation, in: Development and Change 31 (4), 785–805.
Le Billon, P. (2001a): The Political Ecology of War: Natural Resources and Armed Conflicts, in: Political Geography, 20, 561–84.
Le Billon, P. (2001b): Angola’s Political Economy of War: The Role of Oil and Diamonds (1975–2000), in: African Affairs 100, 55–80.
Le Billon, P. (2001c): Fuelling War or Buying Peace? The Role of Corruption in Armed Conflicts, Discussion Paper 2001/65, Wider, Helsinki.
Leite, C./Weidmann, J. (1999): Does Mother Nature Corrupt? Natural Resources, Corruption, and Economic Growth, in: IMF Working Paper WP/99/85, Washington DC.
Misser, F./Vallée, O. (1997): Les Gemmocraties. L’Economie Politique du Diamant Africain, Desclée De Brouwer, Paris.
Muller-Mahn, D. (1995): Economic Causes of Spatial Tensions and the Development of Policy Implications of the Civil War in Algeria, in: Erde 126 (3), 223–242.
Musah, A.-F./Fayemi, J. (2000): Mercenaries. An African Security Dilemma, Pluto Press, London.
Nelson, J. (2000): The Business of Peace, Prince of Wales Business Leaders Forum, London.
Nyot Kok, P. (1992): Adding Fuel to the Conflict: Oil, War and Peace in Sudan, in: Doornbos, M./Cliffe, L./Ahmed, A. G. M./Markakis, J. (Hg.): Beyond Conflict in the Horn. Prospects for Recovery and Development in Ethiopia, Somalia and the Sudan, James Currey, London, 104–113.
Peluso, N. L./Watts, M. (2001): Violent Environments,Cornell.
Reno, W. (1998): Warlord Politics and African States,Boulder CO.
Richards, P. (1996): Fighting for the Rainforest: War, Youth and Resources in Sierra Leone,Oxford.
Ross, M. L. (1999): The Political Economy of the Resource Curse, World Politics 51, 297–322.
Ross, M. L. (2001): Extractive Sectors and the Poor, Report, Oxfam American, New York.
Sachs, J. D./Warner, A. M. (1995): Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth, in: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 5398.
Verschave, F.-X. (2000): Noir Silence: Qui Arrêtera la Françafrique? Les Arènes, Paris.
Westing, A. H. (1986): Global Resources and International Conflict: Environmental Factors in Strategy Policy and Action, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Zartman, I. W. (1993): The Unfinished Agenda: Negotiating Internal Conflicts, in: Licklider, R. (Hg.): Stopping the Killing, New York University Press, Ne, 20–34.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Le Billon, P. (2003). Natürliche Ressourcen und die politische Ökonomie des Krieges. In: Ruf, W. (eds) Politische Ökonomie der Gewalt. Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, vol 7. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-11087-3_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-11087-3_6
Publisher Name: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden
Print ISBN: 978-3-8100-3747-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-663-11087-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive