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Bernard-Soulier-Syndrom

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Hämostaseologie

Zusammenfassung

Das Bernard-Soulier-Syndrom (BSS) ist eine seltene, autosomal rezessiv vererbte Thrombozyto-pathie und durch das Vorkommen von morphologisch veränderten, ungewöhnlich großen, sogenannten „Riesenplättchen“ bei gleichzeitig bestehender Thrombozytopenie charakterisiert. Betroffene Patienten leiden unter einer lebenslangen Blutungsneigung. Molekulare Ursache des BSS ist ein quantitativer und/oder qualitativer Synthesedefekt des Glykoprotein-Ib-V-IX (GP Ib-V-IX)-Komplexes. Da der GP Ib-V-IX-Komplex den primären Rezeptor für das Adhäsivprotein Von-Willebrand-Faktor (VWF) darstellt, können BSS-Thrombozyten VWF nur unzureichend binden. Dadurch ist die Adhäsionsreaktion an das nach einer Verletzung der Gefäßwand freigelegte subendotheliale Gewebe gestört. In vitro läßt sich bei BSS-Patienten nach Zugabe von Ristocetin oder Botrocetin keine VWF-abhängige Thrombozytenaggregation auslösen. Blutungskomplikationen können durch die Transfusion von Thrombozyten effektiv behandelt werden. Wegen der Gefahr einer Immunisierung gegen die GPIb-V-IX-Komplexe der Spenderthrombozyten sollte die Indikation zur Thrombozytengabe jedoch so restriktiv wie möglich gestellt werden. Bei einer Reihe von BSS-Patienten konnten Blutungskomplikationen durch die Gabe des Vasopressinanalogons DDAVP (1-Desamino-8-D-ar-ginin-vasopressin) und durch eine lokale antifi-brinolytische Therapie erfolgreich behandelt werden.

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© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Clemetson, K.J., Scharf, R.E. (1999). Bernard-Soulier-Syndrom. In: Müller-Berghaus, G., Pötzsch, B. (eds) Hämostaseologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07673-6_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07673-6_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-07674-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-07673-6

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