Skip to main content

Abstract

In a brief review of this kind one cannot do justice to this very wide field and one can only hope to draw attention to some of the more interesting polysaccharides and enzymes investigated or inviting attention.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literature

  • Anderson, C. G., W. N. Haworth, H. Raistrick and M. Stacey: Polysaccharides synthesised by micro-organisms. IV. The molecular constitution of luteose. Biochemic. J. 33, 272–279 (1933).

    Google Scholar 

  • Barclay, K. S., E. J. Bourne, M. Stacey and M. Webb: Structural studies of the cellulose synthesised by Acetobacter acetigenum. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1501–1505. 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barker, S. A., and E. J. Bourne: Enzymic synthesis of polysaccharides. Quart. Rev. 7, 56–83 (1953).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barker, S. A., E. J. Bourne, G. T. Bruce, W. B. Neely and M. Stacey: Immunopolysaccharides. Part II. Structure of a Betacoccus arabinosaceous dextran. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1954, 2395–2399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, D. J., and D. H. Northcote: Structure of a cell wall polysaccharide of baker’s yeast. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1950, 1944–1947.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, A., et L. Mesrobeanu: Sur la stabilité des complexes polisaccharidiques toxiques et antigéniques renfermés dans les bactéries. C. r. Soc. Biol. Paris 115, 304–310 (1934).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brechot, P.: Some characteristics of the amylaceous material formed by the flagellate Polytoma obtusum. C. r. Soc. Biol. Paris 126, 555–556 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, R.: Chemical and immunological studies of the Pneumococcus. V. The soluble specific substances of types I–XXXII. J. of Immun. 37, 445–455 (1939).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burger, M.: Bacterial polysaccharides. Springfield, U.S.A.: Ch. C. Thomas 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  • Challinor, S. W., W. N. Haworth and E. L. Hirst: Polysaccharides. Part XVII. The constitution and chain length of levan. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1934, 676–679.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choucroun, N.: Antigenic carbohydrate-lipid isolated from paraffin-oil extract of dead tubercle bacilli. Science (Lancaster, Pa.) 105, 46–47 (1947).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung, C. W., and W, J. Nickerson: Polysaccharide synthesis in growing yeast. J. of Biol. Chem. 208, 395–401 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dochez, A. R., and O. T. Avery: The elaboration of specific soluble substance by Pneumococcus during growth. J. Exper. Med. 26, 477–493 (1917).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duff, R. B.: Constitution of glucosan from the fungus Polyporus betulinus. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1952, 2592–2594.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutta, S. K., A. S. Jones and M. Stacey: The isolation of bacterial nucleic acids using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (cetavlon). Biochim. et Biophysica Acta 10, 607–612 (1953).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, E., and J. W. Mehl: A qualitative analysis of capsular polysaccharides from Cryptococcus neoformans by filterpaper chromatography. Science (Lancaster, Pa.) 114, 10–11 (1951).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, T. H., and H. Hibbert: Bacterial polysaccharides. Adv. Carbohydrate Chem. 2, 203–233 (1946).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eishman, W. H.: Enzymatic hydrolysis of mucopolysaccharides. In: The enzymes by J. B. Sumner and K. Myrbäck, vol. 1, p. 769–792. New York: Academic Press 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, F. C., H. L. A. Tarr and H. Hibbert: Studies on reactions relating to carbohydrates and polysaccharides. XXXIII. The synthesis of polysaccharides by bacteria and enzymes. Canad. J. Res. 3, 449–463 (1930).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haworth, W. N., R. L. Heath and S. Peat: The constitution of yeast mannan. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1941, 833–842.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haworth, W. N., P. W. Kent and M. Stacey: The constitution of a lipoid-bound polysaccharide from M. tuberculosis (human strain). J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1948, 1220–1224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haworth, W. N., H. Raistrick and M. Stacey: Polysaccharides synthesised by micro-organisms. II. The molecular structure of varianose produced from glucose by Penicillium varians G. Smith. Biochemic. J. 29, 2668–2678 (1935).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haworth, Sir N., M. Stacey and P. W. Kent: The constitution of a specific somatic polysaccharide from M. tuberculosis (human strain). J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1948, 1211–1220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hehre, E. J., and D. M. Hamilton: The conversion of sucrose to a polysaccharide of the starch-glycogen class by Neisseria from the pharynx. J. Bacter. 55, 197–208 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bacterial conversion of dextrin into a polysaccharide with the serological properties of dextran. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. a. Med. 71, 336–339 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  • Heidelberger, M., and O. T. Avery: The soluble specific substance of Pneumococcus. J. of Exper. Med. 38, 73–85 (1923).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hestrin, S.: Glycosidases. Annual Rev. Biochem. 22, 85–106 (1953).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hestrin, S., S. Avineri-Shapiro and M. Aschner: The enzymic production of levan. Biochemic. J. 37, 450–456 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hibbert, H., R. S. Tipson and F. Brauns: Studies on reactions relating to carbohydrates and polysaccharides. XXXIV. The constitution of levan and its relation to inulin. Canad. J. Res. 4, 221–239 (1931).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch, E. F., and D. D’Andrea: The specific substance of Coccidioides imonitis. J. Inf. Dis. 40, 634–637 (1927).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hotchkiss, R. D., and W. F. Goebel: Chemo-immunological studies on the soluble specific substance of Pneumococcus. III. The structure of the aldobionic acid from Type III polysaccharide. J. of Biol. Chem. 121, 195 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hough, L., J. K. N. Jones and W. H. Wadman: An investigation of the polysaccharide components of certain fresh-water algae. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1952, 3393–3399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutner, S. H., and L. Provasoli: Biochemistry and physiology of protozoa, vol. 1, p. 47, 1951; vol.2, p. 21, 1955. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ingeleman, B.: Investigations on dextran and its application as a plasma substitute. Uppsala Läk. för. Förh. 54, 107–122 (1948/49).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeanes, A., W. C. Haynes, C. A. Wilham, J. C. Rankin, E. H. Melvin, M. J. Austin, J. E. Cluskey, B. E. Fischer, H. M. Tsuchiya and C. E. Rist: Characterization and classification of dextrans from ninety-six strains of bacteria. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 76, 5041–5049 (1954).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kahler, H., M. J. Shear and J. L. Hartwell: Chemical treatment of tumours. VIII. Ultracentrifugal and electrophoretic analysis of the hemorrhage-producing fraction from Serratia marcescens (Bacillus prodigiosus) cultur filtrate. J. Nat. Canc. Inst. 4, 123–129 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kertesz, Z. I.: Pectic enzymes. In: The enzymes by J. B. Sumner and K. Myrbäck, vol. 1, p. 745–768. New York: Academic Press 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kylin, H.: Biochemic der Cladophora rupestris. Försh. kgl. Fysiograf. Sällskap. Lund 14, 221–225 (1944).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawson, G. J., and M. Stacey: Immunopolysaccharides. Part I. Preliminary studies of a polysaccharide from Azotobacter chroococcum, containing a uronic acid. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1954, 1925–1931.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemieux, R. U., and M. L. Wolfrom: The chemistry of streptomycin. Adv. Carbohydrate Chem. 3, 337–384 (1948).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linker, A., and K. Meyer: Production of unsaturated uronides by bacterial hyaluronidases. Nature (Lond.) 174, 1192 (1954).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manners, D. J.: The enzymatic degradation of polysaccharides. Quart. Rev. 9, 73–99 (1955).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, K.: Mucoids and glycoproteins. Adv. Protein Chem. 2, 249–275 (1945).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, W. T. J., and S. M. Partridge: Studies in immunochemistry. VI. The use of phenol and of alkali in the degradation of antigenic material isolated from Bact. dysenteria (Shiga). Biochemic. J. 35, 1140–1163 (1941).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Myrbäck, K., and C. Neumüller: Amylases and the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen. In: The enzymes by J.V B. Sumner and K. Myrbäck, vol. 1, p. 653–744. New York: Academic Press 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nord, F. F., and J. C. Vitucci: Microbial degradation of cellulose. Adv. Enzymol 8, 253–298 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norman, A. G., and W. H. Peterson: The chemistry of mould tissue. II. The resistant cell-wall material. Biochemic. J. 26, 1946–1953 (1932).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peat, S., W. J. Whelan and T. E. Edwards: Polysaccharides of Baker’s yeast. Part I. Glycogen. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 1955, 355–359.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pigman, W.: Cellulases, hemicellulases and related enzymes. In: The enzymes by J. B. Sumner and K. Myrbäck, vol. 1, p. 725–744. New York: Academic Press 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pringsheim, E. G.: On the nutrition of Ochromonas. Quart. J. Microsc. Sci. 93, 71–96 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  • Raistrick, H., and J. H. Birkinshaw: Products of dextrose metabolism formed by various species of fungi. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London), B 220, 331–354 (1931).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raistrick, H., and W. C. N. Topley: Immunizing fractions isolated from Bact. aertrycke. Brit. J. Exper. Med. 15, 113–130 (1934).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reeves, R. E.: The optical activity of the copper complexes of polysaccharides and substituted methyl glucosides. J. of Biol. Chem. 154, 49–55 (1944).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ricketts, C. R.: Dextran sulphate. A synthetic analogue of heparin. Biochemic. J. 51, 129–133 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seibert, F.: Progress in the chemistry of tuberculin. Adv. Tuberculosis Res. 3, 1 (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stacey, M.: The chemistry of mucopolysaccharides and mucoproteins. Adv. Carbohydrate Chem. 2, 161–201 (1946).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis polysaccharides. Adv. Tuberculosis Res. 6, 7–17 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stacey, M., and P. W. Kent: The polysaccharides of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Adv. Carbohydrate Chem. 3, 311–336 (1948).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stacey, M., and C. R. Ricketts: Bacterial dextrans. Fortschr. Chem. organ. Naturstoffe 1951, 8, 28–46.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, C. A.: A wilt inducing polysaccharide from Fusarium solani. Phytopathology 39, 572–579 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tosic, J., and T. K. Walker: Acetobacter acidum-mucosum, n.sp. an organism forming a starch like polysaccharide. J. Gen. Microbiol. 4, 192–198 (1950).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waller, C. W., P. W. Fryth, B. L. Hutchins and J. H. Williams: Achromycin. The structure of the antibiotic puromycin. I. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 75, 2025 (1953).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waksman, S. A.: Streptomycin, its nature and application. Baltimore, U.S.A.: Williams & Wilkins Company 1949.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wells, H. G., and E. L. Long: The chemistry of tuberculosis. Baltimore, U.S.A.: Williams & Wilkins Company 1932.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whistler, R. L., and C. L. Smart: Polysaccharide chemistry. New York: Academic Press 1953.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1958 Springer-Verlag oHG. Berlin · Göttingen · Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Foster, A.B., Stacey, M. (1958). The polysaccharides from lower plants such as bacteria, algae, fungi and lichens etc., and the related enzymes. In: Åberg, B., et al. Aufbau · Speicherung · Mobilisierung und Umbildung der Kohlenhydrate / Formation · Storage · Mobilization and Transformation of Carbohydrates. Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie / Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94731-5_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94731-5_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-94732-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-94731-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics