Abstract
Clinical inhalation studies typically take place in whole-body exposure chambers with tightly controlled atmospheric conditions and with exposure protocols intended to be representative of actual community or occupational exposure conditions, with respect to pollutant concentration, exposure duration, and activity patterns (Hackney et al. 1985). Chamber studies usually employ free-living volunteers drawn from segments of the population which are considered to be especially at risk from exposure to the pollutant(s) in question. The special risk may relate to increased responsiveness or decreased functional reserve, as in patients with chronic cardiopulmonary disease. Alternatively, the special risk may relate to unusually high inhaled doses of pollutants, as in healthy manual laborers and athletes who experience high ventilation rates for long periods of time.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Folinsbee LJ, McDonnell WF, Horstman DH (1988) Pulmonary function and symptom responses after 6.6-hour exposure to 0.12 ppm ozone with moderate exercise. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 38:28–35
Hackney JD, Linn WS, Avol EL (1985) Assessing health effects of air pollution. Environ Sci Technol 18:115a-122A
Hackney JD, Linn WS, Johnson TR (1991a) Response to ozone in the population: individual and seasonal factors. 8th Health Effects Institute Annual Conference, Colorado Springs, 21–24 April 1991
Hackney JD, Linn WS, Avol EL, Shamoo DA, Anderson KR, Solomon JC, Little DE, Peng RC (1991b) Effects of nitrogen dioxide exposure on volunteers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a combined field survey and exposure chamber study. Am Rev Respir Dis 143:A94
Koutrakis P, Wolfson JM, Lamborg CH, Brauer M, Spengler JD, Slater L (1990) Measurements of personal exposures to ozone, acid aerosols and gases, and fine particles. In: Total exposure assessment methodology: a new horizon. Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, pp 360–367
Linn WS, Shamoo DA, Trim SC, Solomon JC, Hackney JD (1990) New techniques to survey activity patterns and short-term respiratory health changes in populations exposed to ambient pollution. In: Total exposure assessment methodology: a new horizon. Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, pp 565- 576
Morrow PE, Utell MJ (1990) Responses of susceptible subpopulations to nitrogen dioxide. Health Effects Institute, Cambridge (Health Effects Institute Research Report no. 23)
Raizenne ME, Spengler JD (1989) Dosimetric model of acute health effects of ozone and acid aerosols in children. In: Schneider T, Lee SD, Walters GJR, Grant LD (eds) Atmospheric ozone research and its policy implications. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 319–329
Shamoo DA, Linn WS, Trim SC, Peng RC, Little DE, Webb TL, Hackney JD (1991) Determination of activity patterns in asthmatics for air pollution risk assessment purposes. Am Rev Respir Dis 143:A272
Sheppard D, Saisho A, Nadel JA, Boushey HA (1981) Exercise increases sulfur dioxide-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatics. Am Rev Respir Dis 123: 486–491
Stram DO, Linn WS, Shamoo DA, Peng RC, Solomon JC, Little DE, Trim SC, Webb TL, Hackney JD (1991) Temporal patterns of respiratory status in a panel of asthmatic Los Angeles residents. Am Rev Respir Dis 143:A272
Yanagisawa Y, Nishimura H (1982) A badge-type personal sampler for measurements of personal exposure to NO2 and NO in ambient air. Environ Int 8:235–242
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hackney, J.D., Linn, W.S. (1993). Assessment of Ambient Exposures and Their Effects on Health in Chambers. In: Mohr, U., Bates, D.V., Fabel, H., Utell, M.J. (eds) Advances in Controlled Clinical Inhalation Studies. ILSI Monographs. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77176-7_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77176-7_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-77178-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-77176-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive