Abstract
The general principles of liquid chromatography were first outlined in 1903 by the botanist Tswett in his description of adsorption chromatography for the separation of natural pigments, such as chlorophylls (Tswett 1903). Since then remarkable progress has been made, as evidenced by the multitude of techniques employed today in thin layer, low pressure, flash, and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods (Heftmann 1983). Without these developments, the separation and isolation of chemical constituents within complex, and even simple, mixtures would not be possible. To underscore the general importance of chromatography, two examples will suffice: our knowledge of mechanisms in organic chemistry (including that pertaining to lignin) would be very limited if products could not be isolated and quantified by chromatographic methods, and their structures subsequently determined. Similarly, without chromatography, our detailed understanding of biochemical pathways and metabolic products would not be as highly developed as it is today.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bialski AM, Luthe CE, Fong JL, Lewis NG (1986) Sulphite-promoted delignification of wood: identification of paucidisperse lignosulphonates. Can J Chem 64: 1336–1344
Bourbonnais R, Paice MG (1987) Oxidation and reduction of lignin-related aromatic compounds by Aureobasidium pullulans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 26: 164–169
Braithwaite A, Smith FJ (1985) Chromatographic methods. Chapman and Hall, New York, 258–266
Buchardt O, Jensen RB, Hansen HF, Nielsen PE, Andersen D, Chinoin I (1986) Thermal chemistry of podophyllotoxin in ethanol and a comparison of the cytostatic activity of the thermolysis products. J Pharm Sci 75: 1076–1080
Charalambous G, Bruckner KJ, Hardwick WA, Linneback A (1973) Determination of beer flavor compounds by high pressure liquid chromatography. Tech Quart, Master Brew Assoc Am 10 (2): 74–78
Davin LB, Umezawa T, Lewis NG (1991) Enantioselective separations in phytochemistry. Recent Adv Phytochem 25: 75–112
Dubelsten P (1987) The E/Z Isomerization step in the biosynthesis of Z-coniferyl alcohol in Fagus grandifolia Ehrh, M.S. Thesis, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA, 67 pp
Hardin JM, Stutte CA (1980) Analysis of phenolic and flavonoid compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem 102: 171–175
Hartley RD, Buchan H (1979) High performance liquid chromatography of phenolic acids and aldehydes derived from plants or from the decomposition of organic matter in soil. J Chromatogr 180: 139–143
Heftmann E (ed) (1983) Chromatography: fundamentals and applications of chromatographic and electrophoretic methods. Part B: Applications. Elsevier Scientific, Amsterdam. J Chromatogr Libr 22B: B1–B564
Hyatt J A (1987) Synthesis of some tetrameric lignin model compounds containing ß-O-4 and 5,5’-interunit linkages. Holzforschung 41: 363–370
Johnson DK, Chum HL, Hyatt J (1989) Molecular weight distribution studies using lignin model compounds. In: Glasser WG, Sarkanen S (eds) Lignin: properties and materials. ACS Symp Ser 397: 109–123
Lapierre C, Monties B (1986) Preparative thioacidolysis of spruce lignin: isolation and identification of main monomeric products. Holzforschung 40: 47–50
Lapierre C, Pollet B, Monties B (1991) Heterogenous distribution of diarylpropane structures in spruce lignins. Phytochemistry 30: 659–662
Lewis NG, Inciong MaEJ, Dhara KP, Yamamoto E (1989) High performance liquid chromatographic separation of E and Z-monolignols and their glucosides. J Chromatogr 979: 345–352
Luthe CE, Lewis NG (1986) Identification and characterization of paucidisperse lignosulphonates. Holzforschung 40 (Suppl): 153–157
Manders WF (1987) Solid state 13C nmr determination of the syringyl/guaiacyl ratio in hardwoods. Holzforschung 41: 13–18
Morelli E, Rej RN, Just G, Lewis NG, Towers GHN (1986) The occurrence of cis-monolignols in Fagus grandifolia. Phytochemistry 25: 1701–1705
Mortimer RD (1982) The formation of coniferyl alcohol during alkaline delignification. J Wood Chem Technol 2: 383–415
Mortimer RD (1985) The formation of coniferyl alcohol during alkaline delignification with anthraquinone. Part II. J Wood Chem Technol 5: 347–361
Murphy JB, Stutte CA (1978) Analysis for substituted benzoic and cinnamic acids using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem 86: 220–228
Nagels L, Parmentier F (1976) Kinetic study of possible intermediates in the biosynthesis of chlorogenic acid in Cestrum poeppigii. Phytochemistry 15: 703–706
Nishibe S, Sakushima A, Kitagawa S, Klimek B, Benecke R, Thieme H (1988) Phenolic compounds from Forsythia leaves (III). On the comparison of constituents between hybrids and parents. Shoyakugaku Zasshi 42: 324–328
Ozawa S, Sasaya T (1988) Extractives of Todomatsu Abies sachalinensis masters V. A novel dibenzylbutyrolactol lignan from the wood of Abies sachalinensis. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 34: 851–857
Pecina R, Burtscher P, Bonn G, Bobleter O (1986) GC-MS and HPLC analyses of lignin degradation products in biomass hydrolyzates. Fresenius Z Anal Chem 325: 461–465
Pometto III AL, Crawford DC (1988) High performance liquid chromatography of aromatic fragments from lignin degradation. Methods Enzymol 161: 183–190
Pondipom MM, Yue BZ, Bugianesi RL, Brooker DR, Chuang MN, Shen TY (1986) Total synthesis of kadsurenone and its analogs. Tetrahedron Lett 27: 309–312
Rao CBS (ed) (1978) Chemistry of lignans. Andhra University Press, Series No. 149, Waltair, Visakhapatnam, India, 377 pp
Scalbert A, Monties B, Guittet E, Lallemand JY (1986) Comparison of wheat straw lignin preparations. I. Chemical and spectroscopic characterizations. Holzforschung 40: 119–127
Tanahashi M, Karina M, Higuchi T (1987) Cleavage of lignin in wood by steam-explosion. Proc 4th Int Symp on wood and pulping chemistry, April 27–30, (1987), Paris. EUCEPA-TAPPI, 343–347
Tswett MS (1903) (publ. 1905 ) TR Protok, Varshav, Obschch, Entestvoispyt Odt Biol 14 (English translation: Hesse G, Weil H ( 1954 ) Michael Tswett’s first paper on chromatography. M. Woelm Eschwege 35 pp
Umezawa T, Davin LB, Lewis NG (1990a) Formation of the lignan, (−)-secoisolariciresinol, by cell-free extracts of Forsythia intermedia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 171: 1008–1014
Umezawa T, Davin LB, Lewis NG (1991) Formation of the lignans (−)-secoisolariciresinol and (−)-matairesinol with Forsythia intermedia cell-free extracts. J Biol Chem 266 (16): 10210–10217
Umezawa T, Davin LB, Yamamoto E, Kingston DAI, Lewis NG (1990b) Lignan biosynthesis in Forsythia species. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1405–1408
Villeneuve F, Abravanel G, Moutounet M, Alibert G (1982) General scheme of analysis of phenolic compounds in plant extracts by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 234: 131–140
Wulf LW, Nagel CW (1976) Analysis of phenolic acids and flavonoids by high-pressure liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 116: 271–279
Yost RW, Ettre LS, Conlon RD (1980) Practical liquid chromatography: an introduction. Perkin-Elmer, Norwalk, CT., 257 pp
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lewis, N.G. (1992). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). In: Lin, S.Y., Dence, C.W. (eds) Methods in Lignin Chemistry. Springer Series in Wood Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74065-7_39
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74065-7_39
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74067-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74065-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive