Abstract
The total effluent from a petroleum refinery has several origins, i.e. streams from desalting facilities, stripping of undesirable chemicals, cooling units, etc. Furthermore, ballast water from tankers often make a considerable contribution to the total amount of waste water to be treated. The chemical composition of these streams may vary considerably depending on both the fracturing processes and chemical additions used and also on the characteristics of the crude oil stock. In older refineries, these streams are usually combined before treatment, whereas modem refineries keep them segregated in the primary and sometimes also in the secondary treatment steps before combining them in the third step (1).
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© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Lehtinen, C.M. (1986). Environmental Impact Studies of Refinery Effluents - A Challenge to the Analytical Chemist. In: Giam, C.S., Dou, H.JM. (eds) Strategies and Advanced Techniques for Marine Pollution Studies. NATO ASI Series, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70871-8_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70871-8_18
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