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Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

  • Conference paper
Conformation of Biological Molecules

Part of the book series: NMR Basic Principles and Progress ((NMR,volume 20))

Abstract

From a chemist’s viewpoint, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are polymers composed of nucleotide units (Fig. 3.1.1). (For standard textbooks on physical aspects of nucleic acid chemistry see [200–202].) The side chains in these polymers are purine and pyrimidine bases. The common bases found in DNA are guanine (G), adenine (A), cytosine (C), and thymine (T), while the common RNA bases are G, A, C and uracil (U). RNA also differs from DNA in that it bears a hydroxy group in the 2′ position. The five-membered furanose ring (ribose or deoxyribose) has a well-defined configuration by which we mean that the relative spatial arrangements of bonds in the l′, 2′, 3′ and 4′ positions are fixed. The sugar-base combination is called a nucleoside and the phosphates esters are called nucleotides. The linkage in DNA and RNA structures is always 3′–5′. Molecules with short segments of 2′–5′ linkages are known but they play a minor role in biology.

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Reference

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, 400 005, Bombay, India

    Prof. Dr. Girjesh Govil & Dr. Ramakrishna V. Hosur

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  1. Prof. Dr. Girjesh Govil
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  2. Dr. Ramakrishna V. Hosur
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© 1982 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Govil, G., Hosur, R.V. (1982). Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids. In: Conformation of Biological Molecules. NMR Basic Principles and Progress, vol 20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68097-7_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68097-7_3

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