Zusammenfassung
Erst in diesem Jahr ist durch die WHO-Klassifikation eine weltweit akzeptierte Basis für die histopathologische Beurteilung der malignen Lymphome geschaffen worden. Über Jahrzehnte hinweg waren die wissenschaftliche Diskussion und die Interpretation klinischer Daten insbesondere zu hochmalignen B-Zell-Lymphomen durch die unterschiedlichen Klassifikationssysteme erschwert: In den USA wurde überwiegend die so genannte Working Formulation benutzt, die ursprünglich nicht als eigenständiges Klassifikationssystem, sondern als „Übersetzungshilfe“für verschiedene, nicht vereinbare Klassifikationssysteme zum Vergleich klinischer Studien konzipiert war. In Europa fand dagegen die 1974 vorgestellte und 1988 überarbeitete Kiel-Klassifikation Anwendung, die auf dem Prinzip beruht, die Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome auf der Basis des zytologischen Erscheinungsbilds einzuteilen (Stansfeld et al. 1988; Lennert u. Feller 1992).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Achten R, Verhoef G, Vanuytsel L et al. (2002) T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma: a distinct clinicopathologic entity. J Clin Oncol 20:1269–1277
Adams JM, Harris AW, Pinkert CA et al. (1985) The c-myc oncogene driven by immunoglobulin enhancers induces lymphoid malignancy in transgenic mice. Nature 318: 533–538
Adida C, Haioun C, Gaulard P et al. (2000) Prognostic significance of survivin expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Blood 96:1921–1925
Aguiar RC, Yakushijin Y, Kharbanda S et al. (2000) BAL is a novel risk-related gene in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas that enhances cellular migration. Blood 96:4328–4334
Akao Y, Seto M, Yamamoto K et al. (1992) The RCK gene associated with t(11;14) translocation is distinct from the MLL/ALL-1 gene with t(4;11) and t(11;19) translocations. Cancer Res 52:6083–6087
Akasaka T, Miura I, Takahashi N et al. (1997) A recurring translocation, t(3;6)(q27;p21), in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma results in replacement of the 5′ regulatory region of BCL6 with a novel H4 histone gene. Cancer Res 57:7–12
Akasaka H, Akasaka T, Kurata M et al. (2000a) Molecular anatomy of BCL6 translocations revealed by long-distance polymerase chain reaction-based assays. Cancer Res 60:2335–2341
Akasaka T, Ueda C, Kurata M et al. (2000b) Nonimmunoglobulin (non-Ig)/BCL6 gene fusion in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma results in worse prognosis than Ig/BCL6. Blood 96:2907–2909
Albagli O, Lantoine D, Quief S et al. (1999) Overexpressed BCL6 (LAZ3) oncoprotein triggers apoptosis, delays S phase progression and associates with replication foci. Oncogene 18:5063–5075
Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE et al. (2000) Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature 403:503–511
Arvanitakis L, Mesri EA, Nador RG et al. (1996) Establishment and characterization of a primary effusion (body cavity-based) lymphoma cell line (BC-3) harboring Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8) in the absence of Epstein-Barr virus. Blood 88:2648–2654
Barth TF, Dohner H, Werner CA et al. (1998) Characteristic pattern of chromosomal gains and losses in primary large B-cell lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Blood 91:4321–4330
Bastard C, Tilly H, Lenormand B et al. (1992) Translocations involving band 3q27 and Ig gene regions in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Blood 79:2527–2531
Bastard C, Deweindt C, Kerckaert JP et al. (1994) LAZ3 rearrangements in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: correlation with histology, immunophenotype, karyotype, and clinical outcome in 217 patients. Blood 83:2423–2427
Bea S, Ribas M, Hernandez JM et al. (1999) Increased number of chromosomal imbalances and high-level DNA amplifications in mantle cell lymphoma are associated with blastoid variants. Blood 93:4365–4374
Bentz M, Werner CA, Dohner H et al. (1996) High incidence of chromosomal imbalances and gene amplifications in the classical follicular variant of follicle center lymphoma. Blood 88:1437–1444
Bentz M, Plesch A, Stilgenbauer S et al. (1998) Minimal sizes of deletions detected by comparative genomic hybridization. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 21:172–175
Boer de CJ, Loyson S, Kluin PM et al. (1993) Multiple breakpoints with in the BCL-1 locus in B-cell lymphoma: rearrangements of the cyclin D1 gene. Cancer Res 53:4148–4152
Bohlander SK, Muschinsky V, Schrader K et al. (2000) Molecular analysis of the CALM/AF10 fusion: identical rearrangements in acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and malignant lymphoma patients. Leukemia 14:93–99
Burkitt DP (1983) The discovery of Burkitt’s lymphoma. Cancer 51:1777–1786
Butler MP, Iida S, Capello D et al. (2002) Alternative Translocation Breakpoint cluster region 5’ to BCL-6 in B-cell Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer Res 62:4089–4094
Callanan MB, Le Baccon P, Mossuz P et al. (2000) The IgG Fc receptor, FcgammaRIIB, is a target for deregulation by chromosomal translocation in malignant lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:309–314
Capello D, Vitolo U, Pasqualucci L et al. (2000) Distribution and pattern of BCL-6 mutations throughout the spectrum of B-cell neoplasia. Blood 95:651–659
Cesarman E, Chadburn A, Liu YF et al. (1998) BCL-6 gene mutations in posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders predict response to therapy and clinical outcome. Blood 92:2294–2302
Chaganti SR, Chen W, Parsa N et al. (1998) Involvement of BCL6 in chromosomal aberrations affecting band 3q27 in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 23:323–327
Chang CC, Ye BH, Chaganti RS, Dalla-Favera R (1996) BCL6, a POZ/zinc-finger protein, is a sequence-specific transcriptional repressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:6947–6952
Chen W, Iida S, Louie DC et al. (1998a) Heterologous promoters fused to BCL6 by chromosomal translocations affecting band 3q27 cause its deregulated expression during B-cell differentiation. Blood 91:603–607
Chen W, Butler M, Rao PH et al. (1998b) The t(2;3) (q21;q27) translocation in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma displays BCL6 mutations in the 5′ regulatory region and chromosomal breakpoints distant from the gene. Oncogene 17:1717–1722
Cigudosa JC, Parsa NZ, Louie DC et al. (1999) Cytogenetic analysis of 363 consecutively ascertained diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 25:123–133
Coiffier B, Lepage E, Briere J et al. (2002) CHOP chemotherapy plus rituximab compared with CHOP alone in elderly patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med 346:235–242
Dalla-Favera R, Bregni M, Erikson J et al. (1982) Human c-myc gene is located on the region of chromosome 8 thal is translocated in Burkitt lymphoma cells. PNAS 79:7824–7827
Davis M, Malcolm S, Rabbits TH (1984) Chromosome translocation can occur on either side of the c-myc oncogene in Burkitt lymphoma cells. Nature 308:286–288
De Jong D, Voetdijk BM, Beverstock GC et al. (1988) Activation of the c-myc oncogene in a precursor-B-cell blast crisis of follicular lymphoma, presenting as composite lymphoma. N Engl J Med 318:1373–1378
Delecluse HJ, Bartnizke S, Hammerschmidt W et al. (1993) Episomal and integrated copies of Epstein-Barr virus coexist in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines. J Virol 67:1292–1299
Dent AL, Shaffer AL, Yu X et al. (1997) Control of inflammation, cytokine expression, and germinal center formation by BCL-6. Science 276:589–592
Dent AL, Doherty TM, Paul WE et al. (1999) BCL-6-deficient mice reveal an IL-4-independent, STAT6-dependent pathway that controls susceptibility to infection by Leishmania major. J Immunol 163:2098–2103
Dhordain P, Albagli O, Lin RJ et al. (1997) Corepressor SMRT binds the BTB/POZ repressing domain of the LAZ3/BCL6 oncoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:10762–10767
Dogan A, Bagdi E, Munson P, Isaacson PG (2000) CD10 and BCL-6 expression in paraffin sections of normal lymphoid tissue and B-cell lymphomas. Am J Surg Pathol 24:846–852
Dreyling MH, Bullinger L, Ott G et al. (1997) Alterations of the cyclin D1/p16-pRB pathway in mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer Res 57:4608–4614
Dyomin VG, Palanisamy N, Lloyd KO et al. (2000) MUC1 is activated in a B-cell lymphoma by the t(1;14)(q21;q32) translocation and is rearranged and amplified in B-cell lymphoma subsets. Blood 95:2666–2671
Engelhard M, Brittinger G, Huhn D et al. (1997) Subclassification of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas according to the Kiel classification: distinction of centroblastic and immunoblastic lymphomas is a significant prognostic risk factor. Blood 89:2291–2297
Felsher DW, Zetterberg A, Zhu J et al. (2000) Overexpression of MYC causes p53-dependent G2 arrest of normal fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:10544–10548
Fiedler W, Weh HJ, Zeller W et al. (1991) Translocation (14; 18) and (8; 22) in three patients with acute leukemia/lymphoma following centrocytic/centroblastic non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Ann Hematol 63:282–287
Gaidano G, Capello D, Gloghini A et al. (1998) BCL-6 in aids-related lymphomas: pathogenetic and histogenetic implications. Leuk Lymphoma 31:39–46
Gaidano G, Capello D, Cilia AM et al. (1999) Genetic characterization of HHV-8/KSHV-positive primary effusion lymphoma reveals frequent mutations of BCL6: implications for disease pathogenesis and histogenesis. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 24:16–23
Galieque ZS, Quief S, Hildebrand MP et al. (1996) The B cell transcriptional coactivator BOB1/OBF1 gene fuses to the LAZ3/BCL6 gene by t(3;11)(q27;q23.1) chromosomal translocation in a B cell leukemia line (Karpas 231). Leukemia 10:579–587
Galiegue-Zouitina S, Quief S, Hildebrand MP et al. (1999) Nonrandom fusion of L-plastin(LCP1) and LAZ3(BCL6) genes by t(3;13)(q27;q14) chromosome translocation in two cases of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 26:97–105
Gilles F, Goy A, Remache Y et al. (2000) MUC1 dysregulation as the consequence of a t(1;14)(q21;q32) translocation in an extranodal lymphoma. Blood 95:2930–2936
Gronbaek K, Worm J, Ralfkiaer E et al. (2002) ATM mutations arc associated with inactivation of the ARF-TP53 tumor suppressor pathway in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 100:1430–1437
Gualberto A, Aldape K, Kozakiewicz K, Tlsty TD (1998) An oncogenic form of p53 confers a dominant, gain-of-function phenotype that disrupts spindle checkpoint control. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:5166–5171
Haluska FG, Finver S, Tsujimoto Y, Croce CM (1986) The t(8; 14) chromosomal translocation occurring in B-cell malignancies results from mistakes in V-D-J joining. Nature 324:158–161
Haralambieva E, Kleiverda K, Mason DY et al. (2002) Detection of three common translocation breakpoints in non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas by fluorescence in situ hybridization on routine paraffin-embedded tissue sections. J Pathol 198:163–170
Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Stein H et al. (1994) A revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms: a proposal from the International Lymphoma Study Group. Blood 84:1361–1392
Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Diebold J (1999 a) World Health Organization classification of neoplastic diseases of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues: report of the Clinical Advisory Committee Meeting, Airlie House, Virginia, November 1997. J Clin Oncol 17:3835–3849
Harris MB, Chang CC, Berton MT et al. (1999 b) Transcriptional repression of Stat6-dependent interleukin-4-induced genes by BCL-6: specific regulation of epsilon transcription and immunoglobulin E switching. Mol Cell Biol 19:7264–7275
Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Diebold J et al. (2000) The World Health Organization classification of hematological malignancies report of the Clinical Advisory Committee Meeting, Airlie House, Virginia, November 1997. Mod Pathol 13:193–207
Henglein B, Synovzik H, Groitl P et al. (1989) Three breakpoints of variant t(2;8) translocations in Burkitt’s lymphoma fall within a region 140 kb distal from c-myc. Mol Cell Biol, 9:2105–2113.
Hilgenfeld E, Padilla-Nash H, Schrock E, Ried T (1999) Analysis of B-cell neoplasias by spectral karyotyping (SKY). Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 246:169–174
Hoelzer D, Ludwig WD, Thiel E et al. (1996) Improved outcome in adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 87:495–508
Hosokawa Y, Maeda Y, Ichinohasama R et al. (2000) The Ikaros gene, a central regulator of lymphoid differentiation, fuses to the BCL6 gene as a result of t(3;7)(q27;p12) translocation in a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 95:2719–2721
Houldsworth J, Mathew S, Rao PH et al. (1996) REL protooncogene is frequently amplified in extranodal diffuse large cell lymphoma. Blood 87:25–29
Huynh KD, Bardwell VJ (1998) The BCL-6 POZ domain and other POZ domains interact with the co-repressors N-CoR and SMRT. Oncogene 17:2473–2484
Jerkeman M, Aman P, Cavallin-Stahl E et al. (2002) Prognostic implications of BCL6 rearrangement in uniformely treated patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma — a Nordic Lymphoma Group Study. Int J Oncol 20:161–165
Johansson B, Mertens F, Mitelman F (1995) Cytogenetic evolution patterns in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Blood 86:3905–3914
Joos S, Falk MH, Lichter P et al. (1992) Variable breakpoints in Burkitt lymphoma cells with chromosomal t(8;14) translocation separate c-myc and the IgH locus up to several hundred kb. Hum Mol Genet 1:625–632
Joos S, Otano-Joos MI, Ziegler S et al. (1996) Primary mediastinal (thymic) B-cell lymphoma is characterized by gains of chromosomal material including 9p and amplification of the REL gene. Blood 87:1571–1578
Kerckaert JP, Deweindt C, Tilly H et al. (1993) LAZ3, a novel zinc-finger encoding gene, is disrupted by recurring chromosome 3q27 translocations in human lymphomas. Nat Genet 5:66–70
Klein G, Klein E (1985) Evolution of tumours and the impact of molecular oncology. Nature 315:190–195
Kornblau SM, Goodacre A, Cabanillas F (1991) Chromosomal abnormalities in adult non-endemic Burkitt’s lymphoma and leukemia: 22 new reports and a review of 148 cases from the literature. Hematol Oncol 9:63–78
Kovalchuk AL, Qi C-F, Torrey TA et al. (2000) Burkitt lymphoma in the mouse. J Exp Med 192:1183–1190
Kramer MH, Hermans J, Wijburg E et al. (1998) Clinical relevance of BCL2, BCL6, and MYC rearrangements in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 92:3152–3162
Küppers R, Goossens T, Klein U (1999) The role of somatic hypermutation in the generation of deletions and duplications in human Ig V region genes and chromosomal translocations. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 246:193–198
Lee JT, Innes DJ Jr, Williams ME (1989) Sequential bcl-2 and c-myc oncogene rearrangements associated with the clinical transformation of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. J Clin Invest 84:1454–1459
Lennert K, Feller AC (1992) Histopathology of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (based on the updated Kiel classification). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Lishner M, Kenet G, Lalkin A et al. (1993) Fluorescent in situ hybridization for the detection of t(8:14) in Burkitt’s lymphoma. Acta Haematol 90:186–189
Lo CF, Ye BH, Lista F et al. (1994) Rearrangements of the BCL6 gene in diffuse large cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Blood 83:1757–1759
Lossos IS, Levy R (2000) Higher-grade transformation of follicle center lymphoma is associated with somatic mutation of the 5′ noncoding regulatory region of the BCL-6 gene. Blood 96:635–639
Lossos IS, Alizadeh AA, Diehn M (2002) Transformation of follicular lymphoma to diffuse large-cell lymphoma: Alternative patterns with increased or decreased expression of c-myc and its regulated genes. PNAS 99:8886–8891
Martin-Subero JI, Chudoba I, Harder L et al. (2002) Multicolor-FICTION: expanding the possibilities of combined morphologic, immunophenotypic and genetic single cell analyses. Am J Pathol 161:413–420
Migliazza A, Martinotti S, Chen W et al. (1995) Frequent somatic hypermutation of the 5′ noncoding region of the BCL6 gene in B-cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:12.520–12.524
Mitelman F (1994) Catalog of chromosome aberrations in cancer. Wiley-Liss, New York
Moller MB, Kania PW, Ino Y et al. (2000) Frequent disruption of the RB1 pathway in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: prognostic significance of E2F-1 and p16INK4A. Leukemia 14:898–904
Monni O, Joensuu H, Franssila K, Knuutila S (1996) DNA copy number changes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma — comparative genomic hybridization study. Blood 87:5269–5278
Monni O, Joensuu H, Franssila K et al. (1997) BCL2 overexpression associated with chromosomal amplification in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 90:1168–1174
Nador RG, Cesarman E, Chadburn A et al. (1996) Primary effusion lymphoma: a distinct clinicopathologic entity associated with the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus. Blood 88:645–656
Nanjangud G, Rao PH, Hedge A et al. (2002) Spectral karyotyping identifies new rearrangements, translocations, and clinical associations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 99:2554–2561
Nashelsky MB, Hess MM, Weisenburger DD et al. (1994) Cytogenetic abnormalities in B-immunoblastic lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 14:415–420
Neri A, Chang CC, Lombardi L et al. (1991) B cell lymphoma-associated chromosomal translocation involves candidate oncogene lyt-10, homologous to NF-kappa B p50. Cell 67:1075–1087
Niu H, Ye BH, Dalla-Favera R (1998) Antigen receptor signaling induces MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of the BCL-6 transcription factor. Genes Dev 12:1953–1961
Offit K, Jhanwar S, Ebrahim SA et al. (1989) t(3;22)(q27;q11): a novel translocation associated with diffuse non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Blood 74:1876–1879
Offit K, Wong G, Filippa DA et al. (1991) Cytogenetic analysis of 434 consecutively ascertained specimens of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: clinical correlations. Blood 77:1508–1515
Offit K, Lo CF, Louie DC et al. (1994) Rearrangement of the bcl-6 gene as a prognostic marker in diffuse large-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med 331:74–80
Ott G, Kalla J, Ott MM et al. (1997) Blastoid variants of mantle cell lymphoma: frequent bcl-1 rearrangements at the major translocation cluster region and tetraploid chromosome clones. Blood 89:1421–1429
Palomo C, Zou X, Nicholson IC et al. (1999) B-cell tumorigenesis in mice carrying a yeast artificial chromosomebased immunoglobulin heavy/c-myc translocus is independent of the heavy chain intron enhancer (Emu). Cancer Res 59:5625–5628
Pasqualucci L, Migliazza A, Fracchiolla N et al. (1998) BCL-6 mutations in normal germinal center B cells: evidence of somatic hypermutation acting outside Ig loci. Proc Nati Acad Sci USA 95:11.816–11.821
Pelicci PG, Knowles DM, Magrath I, Dalla-Favera R (1986) Chromosomal breakpoints and structural alterations of the c-myc locus differ in endemic and sporadic forms of Burkitt lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:2984–2988
Peters K, Zettl A, Starostik P, Greiner A et al. (2000) Genetic imbalances in primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphomas: comparison of comparative genomic hybridization, microsatellite, and cytogenetic analysis. Diagn Mol Pathol 9:58–65
Pinyol M, Hernandez L, Cazorla M et al. (1997) Deletions and loss of expression of p16INK4a and p21Waf1 genes are associated with aggressive variants of mantle cell lymphomas. Blood 89:272–280
Pinyol M, Hernandez L, Martinez A et al. (2000) INK4a/ARF locus alterations in human non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas mainly occur in tumors with wild-type p53 gene. Am J Pathol 156:1987–1996
Raghoebier S, Kramer MH, Krieken JH van et al. (1991) Essential differences in oncogene involvement between primary nodal and extranodal large cell lymphoma. Blood 78:2680–2685
Rao PH, Houldsworth J, Dyomina K et al. (1998) Chromosomal and gene amplification in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 92:234–240
Reinhardt P, Maschmeyer G, Schulze G et al. (1999) First non-imported HTLV-1 positive adult Tcell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in Germany. Leukemia 13:1296–1297
Reiter A, Schrappe M, Tiemann M et al. (1999) Improved treatment results in childhood B-cell neoplasms with tailored intensification of therapy: a report of the Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster Group Trial NHL-BFM 90. Blood 94:3294–3306
Rosenwald A, Ott G, Katzenberger T et al. (1999) Jumping translocation of 1q as the sole aberration in a case of follicular lymphoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 108:53–56
Rosenwald A, Wright G, Chan WC et al. (2002) The use of molecular profiling to predict survival after chemotherapy for diffuse large B cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med 346:1937–1947
Said JW, Tasaka T, Takeuchi S et al. (1996) Primary effusion lymphoma in women: report of two cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma herpes virus-associated effusion-based lymphoma in human immunodeficiency virus-negative women. Blood 88:3124–3128
Sanchez E, Chacon I, Plaza MM et al. (1998) Clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is dependent on the relationship between different cell-cycle regulator proteins. J Clin Oncol 16:1931–1939
Satterwhite E, Jonoki T, Willis TG et al. (2001) The BCL11 gene familiy: involvement of BCL11A in lymphoid malignancies. Blood 98:3413–3420
Scarpa A, Taruscio D, Scardoni M et al. (1999) Nonrandom chromosomal imbalances in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma detected by arbitrarily primed PCR fingerprinting. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 26:203–209
Schaffner C, Idler I, Stilgenbauer S et al. (2000) Mantle cell lymphoma is characterized by inactivation of the ATM gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:2773–2778
Shipp MA, Ross KN, Tamayo P et al. (2002) Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma outcome prediction by gene expression profiling and supervised machine learning. Nat Med 8:68–74
Schlegelberger B, Zwingers T, Harder L et al. (1999) Clinicopathogenetic significance of chromosomal abnormalities in patients with blastic peripheral B-cell lymphoma. Kiel-Wien-Lymphoma Study Group. Blood 94:3114–3120
Schröck E, Manoir S du, Veldman T et al. (1996) Multicolor spectral karyotyping of human chromosomes. Science 273:494–497
Siebert R, Gesk S, Harder S et al. (1998 a) Deletions in the long arm of chromosome 10 in lymphomas with t(14;18): a pathogenetic role of the tumor suppressor genes PTEN/MMAC1 and MXI1? Blood 92:4487–4489
Siebert R, Jacobi C, Matthiesen P et al. (1998b) Application of interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization for the detection of the Burkitt translocation t(8;14)(q24;q32) in B-cell lymphomas. Blood 91:984–990
Skinnider BF, Horsman DE, Dupuis B, Gascoyne RD (1999) Bcl-6 and Bcl-2 protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma: correlation with 3q27 and 18q21 chromosomal abnormalities. Hum Pathol 30:803–808
Sonoki T, Harder L, Horsman DE et al. (2001) Cyclin D3 is a target gene of t(6;14)(p21.1;q32.3) of mature & cell malignancies. Blood 98:2837–2844
Speth C, Luz A, Strauss PG et al. (1995) AKV murine leukemia virus enhances lymphomagenesis in myc-kappa transgenic and in wild-type mice. Virology 206:93–99
Stansfeld AG, Diebold J, Noel H et al. (1988) Updated Kiel classification for lymphomas. Lancet 1:292–293
Starostik P, Greiner A, Schultz A et al. (2000) Genetic aberrations common in gastric high-grade large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 95:1180–1187
Steinemann D, Siebert R, Harder S et al. (2001) Frequent allelic loss of the BCL10 gene in lymphomas with the t(11;14)(q13;q32). Leukemia 15:474–475
Taniwaki M, Ueda Y, Nishida K et al. (1997) Rapid detection of lymphoma-specific translocations in interphase nuclei of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Leukemia [Suppl 3] 11:291–293
Thangavelu M, Olopade O, Beckman E et al. (1990) Clinical, morphologic, and cytogenetic characteristics of patients with lymphoid malignancies characterized by both t(14;18)(q32;q21) and t(8;14)(q24;q32) or t(8;22) (q24;q11). Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2:147–158
Tirier C, Zhang Y, Plendl H et al. (1996) Simultaneous presence of t(11;14) and a variant Burkitt’s translocation in the terminal phase of a mantle cell lymphoma. Leukemia 10:346–350
Tsujimoto Y, Yunis J, Onorata-Showe L et al. (1984) Molecular cloning of the Chromosomal Breakpoint of B-Cell lymphomas and leukemias with the t(11;14) Chromosome Translocation. Science 224:1403–1406
Tsujimoto Y, Finger LR, Yunis J et al. (1984) Cloning of the Chromosome Breakpoint of Neoplastic B-Cells with the t(14;18) Chromosome Translcoation. Science 226:1097–1099
Tsujimoto Y, Croce C (1986) Analysis of the structure, transcripts, and protein products of bcl-2, the gene involved in human follicular lymphoma. PNAS 83:5214–5218
Vaandrager JW, Schuuring E, Raap T et al. (2000) Interphase FISH detection of BCL2 rearrangement in follicular lymphoma using breakpoint-flanking probes. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27:85–94
Van Krieken JH, Raffeld M, Raghoebier S et al. (1990) Molecular genetics of gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas: unusual prevalence and pattern of c-myc rearrangements in aggressive lymphomas. Blood 76:797–800
Veronese ML, Ohta M, Finan J et al. (1995) Detection of myc translocations in lymphoma cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization with yeast artificial chromosomes. Blood 85:2132–2138
Viardot A, Martin-Subero JI, Siebert R et al. (2001) Detection of secondary genetic aberrations in follicle center cell derived lymphomas: assessment of the reliability of comparative genomic hybridization and standard chromosome analysis. Leukemia 15:177–183
Vitolo U, Botto B, Capello D et al. (2002) Point mutations of the BCL-6 gene: clinical and prognostic correlation in B-diffuse large cell lymphoma. Leukemia 16:268–275
Weber T, Weber RG, Kaulich K et al. (2000) Characteristic chromosomal imbalances in primary central nervous system lymphomas of the diffuse large B-cell type. Brain Pathol 10:73–84
Werner CA, Dohner H, Joos S (1997) High-level DNA amplifications are common genetic aberrations in B-cell neoplasms Am J Pathol 151:335–342
Willis TG, Dyer MJ (2000) The role of immunoglobulin translocations in the pathogenesis of B-cell malignancies. Blood 96:808–822
Willis TG, Zalcberg IR, Coignet LJ et al. (1998) Molecular cloning of translocation t(1;14)(q21;q32) defines a novel gene (BCL9) at chromosome 1q21. Blood 91:1873–1881
Willis TG, Jadayel DM, Du MQ et al. (1999) Bcl10 is involved in t(1;14)(p22;q32) of MALT B cell lymphoma and mutated in multiple tumor types. Cell 96:35–45
Wlodarska I, Mecucci C, Stul M et al. (1995) Fluorescence in situ hybridization identifies new chromosomal changes involving 3q27 in non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas with BCL6/LAZ3 rearrangement. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 14:1–7
Xu WS, Liang RH, Srivastava G (2000) Identification and characterization of BCL6 translocation partner genes in primary gastric high-grade B-cell lymphoma: heat shock protein 89 alpha is a novel fusion partner gene of BCL6. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27:69–75
Ye BH, Lista F, Lo CF et al. (1993) Alterations of a zinc finger-encoding gene, BCL-6, in diffuse large-cell lymphoma. Science 262:747–750
Ye BH, Cattoretti G, Shen Q et al. (1997) The BCL-6 protooncogene controls germinal-centre formation and Th2-type inflammation. Nat Genet 16:161–170
Yoshida S, Kaneita Y, Aoki Y et al. (1999) Identification of heterologous translocation partner genes fused to the BCL6 gene in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas: 5′-RACE and LA — PCR analyses of biopsy samples. Oncogene 18:7994–7999
Zani V, Asou N, Jadayel D (1996) Molecular cloning of complex chromosomal translocation t(8;14;12) (q24.1;q32.3;q24.1) in a Burkitt lymphoma cell line defines a new gene (BCL7A) with homology to caldesmon. Blood 87:3124–3134
Zech L, Haglund U, Nilsson K, Klein G (1976) Characteristic chromosomal abnormalities in biopsies and lymphoid-cell lines from patients with Burkitt and non-Burkitt lymphomas. Int J Cancer 17:47–56
Zeidler R, Joos S, Delecluse H-J et al. (1994) Breakpoints of Burkitt’s lymphoma t(8;22) translocations map within a distance of 300 kb downstream of c-myc. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 9:282–287
Zhang Q, Siebert R, Yan M et al. (1999) Inactivating mutations and overexpression of BCL10, a caspase recruitment domain-containing gene, in MALT lymphoma with t(1;14)(p22;q32). Nat Genet 22:63–68
Zhang Y, Matthiesen P, Harder S et al. (2000) A 3-cM commonly deleted region in 6q21 in leukemias and lymphomas delineated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27:52–58
zur Stadt U, Hoser G, Reiter A et al. (1997) Application of long PCR to detect t(8;14)(q24;q32) translocations in childhood Burkitt’s lymphoma and B-ALL. Ann Oncol [Suppl 1] 8:31–35
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schlegelberger, B., Lipp, M. (2003). Hochmaligne B-Zell-Lymphome. In: Ganten, D., Ruckpaul, K., Schlegelberger, B., Fonatsch, C. (eds) Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von hämatologischen Neoplasien. Molekulare Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59343-7_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59343-7_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63941-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59343-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive